CNA Study Guide Questions And
Answers.
Long Term Care Centers -
\Designed for persons who cannot care for themselves: Medical, nursing, dietary,
recreational, rehabilitative, and social services are provided
Residents -
\Persons in long-term care centers; Center is their permanent or temporary home; Most
residents are older and have chronic diseases, poor nurtrition, or poor health; Some
residents are disabled from birth defects, accidents, or diseases;
Alert, oriented residents -
\Resident knows who & where they are, the year, and time of day. They have physical
problems. Disability level affects the amount of care required. Some require complete
care, others need help with daily activities
Confused & disoriented residents -
\Resident is mildly to severely confused & disoriented. Some simply have trouble
remembering where the dining room is, the month, or year. Others are more confused &
disoriented--they do not know who or where they are. Sometimes the problem is short
term. For others it is permanent and becomes worse
Complete care residents -
\Residents who are disabled, confused, and disoriented. They cannot meet their own
needs or tell you what they need. They need to be kept clean, safe, and comfortable
Short-term residents/Respite Care -
\Residents who need to recover from surgery, fractures, or illnesses and regain strength
& mobility to return to their former living situations. Home care-giver is given a rest.
Life-long Residents -
\Residents with birth defects & childhood injuries & diseases can cause disabilities such
as mental retardation & Down syndrome. Person has limited function in at least 3 ares:
self-care, understanding, or expressing language, learning, mobility, self-direction,
independent living, & financial support. Person needs lifelong assistance, support and
special services.
Developmental Disability -
\A disability occurring before 22 years of age; May be a physical impairment, intellectual
impairment, or both
Mentally ill residents -
,\Residents with problems coping or adjusting to stress affecting behavioral and function.
Terminally ill residents -
\Residents who are going to die from terminal illness (cancer, AIDS,
liver/heart/kidney/respiratory disease.
Nursing Team -
\RN's, LPN's (LVN's), & Nursing Assistant's
Nursing Process -
\1) Assessment - Collects information. 2) Nursing Diagnosis - Describes health
problems. 3) Planning - Setting priorities and goals. 4) Implementation - Carries out the
plan (goals). 5) Evaluation - Measures if the goals of the planning step were met.
Medicare -
\A federal health insurance program for persons 65 yrs of age or older
Medicaid -
\A health care payment program sponsored by federal & state governments
OBRA-Residents Rights -
\Right to all his or her information records; Right to refuse treatment; Right to privacy &
confidentiality; Right to personal choice; Right to voice concerns, questions, &
complaints about care; Right to not have to work for care, care items, or other things or
privileges; Right to form & take part in resident & family groups; Right to keep and use
personal items; Right to be free from all abuse, mistreatment, & neglect; Right to be free
of restraint; Right to a quality of life that promotes dignity & self esteem; Promotes
physical, psychological, and mental well-being for quality of life
Quality of Life Activities -
\Nursing center provides activity programs that allow personal choice. They must
promote physical, intellectual, social, spiritual, & emotional well being. Religious
services promote spirtual health
Quality of Life Environment -
\Nursing centers environment must promote quality of life by being clean, safe & as
home-like as possible.
OBRA Requirements for Dignity & Privacy -
\1. Courteous & Dignified Interactions (right tone of voice, good eye contact, stand or sit
close, use proper name & title, gain attention before interacting with resident, use touch
IF person approves, respect social status, listen with interest, DO NOT yell, scold, or
embarrass resident) 2. Courteous & Dignified Care (grooming, dressing, clothing is
personal choice, promote independence & dignity in dining, respect private space &
property, assist with walking, transfers, bathing & hygiene preferences) 3. Privacy &
Self-Determination (avoid exposure & embarrassment, keep person properly draped at
, all times, use curtains & screens during all care & procedures, knock before entering,
close bathroom door when person uses it) 4. Maintain Personal Choice & Independence
(Person smokes in allowed areas, takes part in activities according to interests, involved
in scheduling activities & care, gives input to care plan about preferences &
independence, involved in room or roommate change)
OBRA Requirements (all 50 states) -
\Nursing Assistant training and competency evaluation program must be completed to
work in nursing centers and hospital long-term care units.
OBRA Training Program -
\Requires at least 75 hours of instruction (16 hrs are supervised practical training);
includes knowledge & skills needed to give basic nursing care; takes place in a
laboratory or clinical setting
OBRA Competency Evaluation -
\After training program you take a written test that has multiple-choice questions and a
skills test that is performing certain skills learned in training program. OBRA allows at
least 3 attempts to successfully complete the evaluation
OBRA Nursing Assistant Registry -
\An official record or listing of persons who have successfully completed a competency
evaluation; Each state must have a nursing assistant registry; all information stays in
registry for at least 5 years
OBRA other requirements & provisions -
\Retraining & new competency evaluation program are required for NA who have not
worked for 2 consecutive years. It does not matter how long you worked, it is how long
you did NOT work: Requires new competency evaluation OR Both retraining & new
competency evaluation; Nursing agencies must provide 12 hrs of educational programs
to NA's every year
Delegation -
\RN's can delegate tasks to LPNs/LVNs, & NA's (Right Task, Right Circumstances,
Right Person, Right Directions & Communication, Right Supervision)
Refusing a Task -
\Have the right to refuse when: Task is beyond legal limits of your role, Is not in your job
description, You were not prepared to perform the task, Task could harm the person,
Person's condition has changed, You do not know how to use the supplies or
equipment, directions are unethical, illegal, or against agency policy, directions are
unclear or incomplete, nurse is not available for supervision
Ethical Aspects -
\Knowing difference between right & wrong conduct; behaves and acts in the right way
and does not harm anyone; not being prejudiced or biased
Answers.
Long Term Care Centers -
\Designed for persons who cannot care for themselves: Medical, nursing, dietary,
recreational, rehabilitative, and social services are provided
Residents -
\Persons in long-term care centers; Center is their permanent or temporary home; Most
residents are older and have chronic diseases, poor nurtrition, or poor health; Some
residents are disabled from birth defects, accidents, or diseases;
Alert, oriented residents -
\Resident knows who & where they are, the year, and time of day. They have physical
problems. Disability level affects the amount of care required. Some require complete
care, others need help with daily activities
Confused & disoriented residents -
\Resident is mildly to severely confused & disoriented. Some simply have trouble
remembering where the dining room is, the month, or year. Others are more confused &
disoriented--they do not know who or where they are. Sometimes the problem is short
term. For others it is permanent and becomes worse
Complete care residents -
\Residents who are disabled, confused, and disoriented. They cannot meet their own
needs or tell you what they need. They need to be kept clean, safe, and comfortable
Short-term residents/Respite Care -
\Residents who need to recover from surgery, fractures, or illnesses and regain strength
& mobility to return to their former living situations. Home care-giver is given a rest.
Life-long Residents -
\Residents with birth defects & childhood injuries & diseases can cause disabilities such
as mental retardation & Down syndrome. Person has limited function in at least 3 ares:
self-care, understanding, or expressing language, learning, mobility, self-direction,
independent living, & financial support. Person needs lifelong assistance, support and
special services.
Developmental Disability -
\A disability occurring before 22 years of age; May be a physical impairment, intellectual
impairment, or both
Mentally ill residents -
,\Residents with problems coping or adjusting to stress affecting behavioral and function.
Terminally ill residents -
\Residents who are going to die from terminal illness (cancer, AIDS,
liver/heart/kidney/respiratory disease.
Nursing Team -
\RN's, LPN's (LVN's), & Nursing Assistant's
Nursing Process -
\1) Assessment - Collects information. 2) Nursing Diagnosis - Describes health
problems. 3) Planning - Setting priorities and goals. 4) Implementation - Carries out the
plan (goals). 5) Evaluation - Measures if the goals of the planning step were met.
Medicare -
\A federal health insurance program for persons 65 yrs of age or older
Medicaid -
\A health care payment program sponsored by federal & state governments
OBRA-Residents Rights -
\Right to all his or her information records; Right to refuse treatment; Right to privacy &
confidentiality; Right to personal choice; Right to voice concerns, questions, &
complaints about care; Right to not have to work for care, care items, or other things or
privileges; Right to form & take part in resident & family groups; Right to keep and use
personal items; Right to be free from all abuse, mistreatment, & neglect; Right to be free
of restraint; Right to a quality of life that promotes dignity & self esteem; Promotes
physical, psychological, and mental well-being for quality of life
Quality of Life Activities -
\Nursing center provides activity programs that allow personal choice. They must
promote physical, intellectual, social, spiritual, & emotional well being. Religious
services promote spirtual health
Quality of Life Environment -
\Nursing centers environment must promote quality of life by being clean, safe & as
home-like as possible.
OBRA Requirements for Dignity & Privacy -
\1. Courteous & Dignified Interactions (right tone of voice, good eye contact, stand or sit
close, use proper name & title, gain attention before interacting with resident, use touch
IF person approves, respect social status, listen with interest, DO NOT yell, scold, or
embarrass resident) 2. Courteous & Dignified Care (grooming, dressing, clothing is
personal choice, promote independence & dignity in dining, respect private space &
property, assist with walking, transfers, bathing & hygiene preferences) 3. Privacy &
Self-Determination (avoid exposure & embarrassment, keep person properly draped at
, all times, use curtains & screens during all care & procedures, knock before entering,
close bathroom door when person uses it) 4. Maintain Personal Choice & Independence
(Person smokes in allowed areas, takes part in activities according to interests, involved
in scheduling activities & care, gives input to care plan about preferences &
independence, involved in room or roommate change)
OBRA Requirements (all 50 states) -
\Nursing Assistant training and competency evaluation program must be completed to
work in nursing centers and hospital long-term care units.
OBRA Training Program -
\Requires at least 75 hours of instruction (16 hrs are supervised practical training);
includes knowledge & skills needed to give basic nursing care; takes place in a
laboratory or clinical setting
OBRA Competency Evaluation -
\After training program you take a written test that has multiple-choice questions and a
skills test that is performing certain skills learned in training program. OBRA allows at
least 3 attempts to successfully complete the evaluation
OBRA Nursing Assistant Registry -
\An official record or listing of persons who have successfully completed a competency
evaluation; Each state must have a nursing assistant registry; all information stays in
registry for at least 5 years
OBRA other requirements & provisions -
\Retraining & new competency evaluation program are required for NA who have not
worked for 2 consecutive years. It does not matter how long you worked, it is how long
you did NOT work: Requires new competency evaluation OR Both retraining & new
competency evaluation; Nursing agencies must provide 12 hrs of educational programs
to NA's every year
Delegation -
\RN's can delegate tasks to LPNs/LVNs, & NA's (Right Task, Right Circumstances,
Right Person, Right Directions & Communication, Right Supervision)
Refusing a Task -
\Have the right to refuse when: Task is beyond legal limits of your role, Is not in your job
description, You were not prepared to perform the task, Task could harm the person,
Person's condition has changed, You do not know how to use the supplies or
equipment, directions are unethical, illegal, or against agency policy, directions are
unclear or incomplete, nurse is not available for supervision
Ethical Aspects -
\Knowing difference between right & wrong conduct; behaves and acts in the right way
and does not harm anyone; not being prejudiced or biased
