American Red Cross Lifeguarding Exam
Questions With Verified Answers
types of drowning victims
distressed, active, passive
distressed swimmer characteristics
-head above water, at the surface of the water
-able to call for help
-breathing
-able to wave for help
-horizontal, vertical or diagonal, depending on what they use to support themselves
-floating, sculling or treading water
entries
slide-in, stride jump, compact jump, run-and-swim
slide-in entry
safest in most conditions
useful in shallow water, crowded pools or when a victim with a head, neck, or spinal injury is close to
the side of the pool
stride jump entry
water is at least 5 ft deep and you are NO more than 3 ft above the water, goal is to keep head out of
the water and eyes on the victim at all times
compact jump entry
enter water from the deck or an elevated height. If it is an elevated height (above 3 ft from the water)
the water must be at least 5 ft deep.
run-and-swim entry
to enter the water from a gradual slope—zero-depth area, such as a shoreline or wave pool
simple assist
can be used in shallow water and may be merely helping a person to stand. The simple assist also may
be used to rescue a victim who is submerged in shallow water and is within reach.
reaching assist
to assist a distressed swimmer who is close to the side of the pool
active victim front rescue
for a drowning victim who is struggling and facing toward you
active victim rear rescue
for a drowning victim who is struggling and facing away from you
, passive victim front rescue
for a drowning victim who is face-down at or near
the surface in a vertical-to-horizontal position;
seems unresponsive and is not suspected
of having a head, neck or spinal injury; and is
facing toward you
passive victim rear rescue
for a drowning victim who is face-down at or near the surface in a vertical to horizontal position,
seems unresponsive and is not suspect of having a head, neck or spinal injury; and is facing away from
you
passive victim at or near the surface in water less than or equal to 3 ft of water, face-up
seems unresponsive; and is not suspected of having a head, neck or spinal injury
passive victim at or near the surface in less than or equal to 3 ft of water, face-down
seems unresponsive; and is not suspected of having a head, neck or spinal injury
passive submerged victim-shallow water
for a victim who is passive, submerged in shallow water
submerged victim in deep water
for a victim who is submerged in deep water
removal from the water techniques
extrication using a backboard, quick removal for a small victim, walking assist, beach drag
extrication using a backboard
work with an assisting rescuer at the pool edge or pier, zero-depth entry or steps
quick removal for a small victim
to remove a small, passive victim from shallow water if a backboard is not immediately available
walking assist
to help a conscious victim walk out of shallow water
beach drag
On a gradual slope from a waterfront beach or zero-depth entry, the beach drag is a safe, easy way to
remove someone who is unconscious or who cannot walk from the water. Do not use this technique if
you suspect an
injury to the head, neck or spine, unless the victim is not breathing
how to: slide-in entry
1. sit down on the edge facing the water. Place the rescue tube next to you or in the water.
2. lower your body into the water feet-first.
3. retrieve the rescue tube.
Questions With Verified Answers
types of drowning victims
distressed, active, passive
distressed swimmer characteristics
-head above water, at the surface of the water
-able to call for help
-breathing
-able to wave for help
-horizontal, vertical or diagonal, depending on what they use to support themselves
-floating, sculling or treading water
entries
slide-in, stride jump, compact jump, run-and-swim
slide-in entry
safest in most conditions
useful in shallow water, crowded pools or when a victim with a head, neck, or spinal injury is close to
the side of the pool
stride jump entry
water is at least 5 ft deep and you are NO more than 3 ft above the water, goal is to keep head out of
the water and eyes on the victim at all times
compact jump entry
enter water from the deck or an elevated height. If it is an elevated height (above 3 ft from the water)
the water must be at least 5 ft deep.
run-and-swim entry
to enter the water from a gradual slope—zero-depth area, such as a shoreline or wave pool
simple assist
can be used in shallow water and may be merely helping a person to stand. The simple assist also may
be used to rescue a victim who is submerged in shallow water and is within reach.
reaching assist
to assist a distressed swimmer who is close to the side of the pool
active victim front rescue
for a drowning victim who is struggling and facing toward you
active victim rear rescue
for a drowning victim who is struggling and facing away from you
, passive victim front rescue
for a drowning victim who is face-down at or near
the surface in a vertical-to-horizontal position;
seems unresponsive and is not suspected
of having a head, neck or spinal injury; and is
facing toward you
passive victim rear rescue
for a drowning victim who is face-down at or near the surface in a vertical to horizontal position,
seems unresponsive and is not suspect of having a head, neck or spinal injury; and is facing away from
you
passive victim at or near the surface in water less than or equal to 3 ft of water, face-up
seems unresponsive; and is not suspected of having a head, neck or spinal injury
passive victim at or near the surface in less than or equal to 3 ft of water, face-down
seems unresponsive; and is not suspected of having a head, neck or spinal injury
passive submerged victim-shallow water
for a victim who is passive, submerged in shallow water
submerged victim in deep water
for a victim who is submerged in deep water
removal from the water techniques
extrication using a backboard, quick removal for a small victim, walking assist, beach drag
extrication using a backboard
work with an assisting rescuer at the pool edge or pier, zero-depth entry or steps
quick removal for a small victim
to remove a small, passive victim from shallow water if a backboard is not immediately available
walking assist
to help a conscious victim walk out of shallow water
beach drag
On a gradual slope from a waterfront beach or zero-depth entry, the beach drag is a safe, easy way to
remove someone who is unconscious or who cannot walk from the water. Do not use this technique if
you suspect an
injury to the head, neck or spine, unless the victim is not breathing
how to: slide-in entry
1. sit down on the edge facing the water. Place the rescue tube next to you or in the water.
2. lower your body into the water feet-first.
3. retrieve the rescue tube.
