Foundations of Medicine – Immunology Exam
With Verified Answers
Pluripotent hemopoietic stem cell
The precursor cell that is capable of giving rise to all blood cell lineages:
Erythrocytes
Platelets
Granulocyte/monocyte (myeloid)
Lymphocyte (lymphoid)
Where does a mast cell come from?
Unknown, but thought to originate in spleen, thymus, or lymph node
How are mast cells different from other hematopoietic cells?
Mast cells are fixed to tissues rather than circulating in blood
What 5 parts of the body have specialized forms of macrophages?
Lungs (alveolar macrophages)
Liver (Kupffer cells)
Kidney (mesangial cells)
Bone (osteoclasts)
Brain (microglial cells)
LLKBB - Lung Live King, Boney Brain!
List differences between B and T lymphocytes?
B cells:
primary role: recognize antigens through cell surface receptor (antibodies)
can may mature into plasma cells to produce antibodies
T cells:
can't produce antibodies
can recognize and kill foreign tissues via graft rejection (implies ability to distinguish self vs non-self)
require MHC to recognize antigens
List the primary lymphoid organs
Bone marrow
Thymus
These are CENTRAL lymphoid organs
List the secondary lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes (ex- below are the ones that surround upper & lower respiratory tract)
- MALT (mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
- GALT (gut associated lymphoid tissue)
Spleen
, These are PERIPHERAL lymphoid organs
primary lymphoid organs role
where leukocytes (WBCs) are generated and mature
antigens CAN'T enter in
secondary lymphoid organs role
3 functions:
- sites of where ADAPTIVE (acquired) immunity are initiated
- where T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells reside
- serves as traps for antigen
Antigens ENTER in and stimulates the lymphoid cells
What does the spleen do?
Antigen trap for the blood (inspects blood for antigens and pathogens)
Constant monitoring of the blood
Has red pulp (site of removal of effete and defective RBC and WBC, , they are cannibalized by resident
macrophages.)
and white pulp (lymphoid tissue)
What types of infections are fatal if the spleen is removed?
severe microbial infections
fatal sepsis (happens when an infection you already have triggers a chain reaction throughout your
body)
What vaccinations are recommended for patients after splenectomy?
Pneumococcal, meningococcal, Hib, influenza
Passive immunity
Provided when a person is given antibodies rather than producing them
Example: maternal immunity where antibodies received from mother pass through placenta, breast
milk)
Acquired (adaptive) immunity
Not present at birth
Gained as part of development & increases with age
have specificity and memory
Increases in intensity with exposure
With Verified Answers
Pluripotent hemopoietic stem cell
The precursor cell that is capable of giving rise to all blood cell lineages:
Erythrocytes
Platelets
Granulocyte/monocyte (myeloid)
Lymphocyte (lymphoid)
Where does a mast cell come from?
Unknown, but thought to originate in spleen, thymus, or lymph node
How are mast cells different from other hematopoietic cells?
Mast cells are fixed to tissues rather than circulating in blood
What 5 parts of the body have specialized forms of macrophages?
Lungs (alveolar macrophages)
Liver (Kupffer cells)
Kidney (mesangial cells)
Bone (osteoclasts)
Brain (microglial cells)
LLKBB - Lung Live King, Boney Brain!
List differences between B and T lymphocytes?
B cells:
primary role: recognize antigens through cell surface receptor (antibodies)
can may mature into plasma cells to produce antibodies
T cells:
can't produce antibodies
can recognize and kill foreign tissues via graft rejection (implies ability to distinguish self vs non-self)
require MHC to recognize antigens
List the primary lymphoid organs
Bone marrow
Thymus
These are CENTRAL lymphoid organs
List the secondary lymphoid organs
Lymph nodes (ex- below are the ones that surround upper & lower respiratory tract)
- MALT (mucosa associated lymphoid tissue
- GALT (gut associated lymphoid tissue)
Spleen
, These are PERIPHERAL lymphoid organs
primary lymphoid organs role
where leukocytes (WBCs) are generated and mature
antigens CAN'T enter in
secondary lymphoid organs role
3 functions:
- sites of where ADAPTIVE (acquired) immunity are initiated
- where T cells, B cells, and dendritic cells reside
- serves as traps for antigen
Antigens ENTER in and stimulates the lymphoid cells
What does the spleen do?
Antigen trap for the blood (inspects blood for antigens and pathogens)
Constant monitoring of the blood
Has red pulp (site of removal of effete and defective RBC and WBC, , they are cannibalized by resident
macrophages.)
and white pulp (lymphoid tissue)
What types of infections are fatal if the spleen is removed?
severe microbial infections
fatal sepsis (happens when an infection you already have triggers a chain reaction throughout your
body)
What vaccinations are recommended for patients after splenectomy?
Pneumococcal, meningococcal, Hib, influenza
Passive immunity
Provided when a person is given antibodies rather than producing them
Example: maternal immunity where antibodies received from mother pass through placenta, breast
milk)
Acquired (adaptive) immunity
Not present at birth
Gained as part of development & increases with age
have specificity and memory
Increases in intensity with exposure
