Immunology Exam 1 - BIOL 5500
combatting multicellular parasites or helminths
What are the major function of eosinophils?
source of cytokine IL-4 which INITIATES allergic response
What is the major function of Basophils?
Major mediators of CARRYING OUT allergic reactions
What is the major function of mast cells?
basophils and mast cells
Which two granulocytes have the most in common?
24 hours
What is the half life of a neutrophil?
neutrophils
Which granulocyte is the most abundant?
Migration, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst
What are the three main function of neutrophils?
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
What disease would occur if neutrophils have issues with NADPH oxidase?
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
Which disease would occur if neutrophils have a deficiency in adhesion molecules, preventing
migration?
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
What disease would occur if a neutrophil has phagocytosis and granule defects?
Rolling, Integrin Activation, Stable adhesion, and migration through endothelium
What are the major steps in neutrophil extravasation?
Selectins mediating weak tethering of blood leukocytes on the endothelium, and the sheer force of
blood flow causes rolling along the endothelium surface
What initiates the ROLLING step of neutrophil extravasation?
Chemokynes bind to receptors on the rolling leukocytes, which activate leukocyte integrins to a
strong binding state.
What initiates the integrin activation step of neutrophil extravasation?
, Activated integrins bind to their lg superfamily ligands which causes a stable adhesion of leukocytes
What initiates the stable adhesion step of neutrophil extravasation?
Binded leukocytes crawl to junctions between endothelial cells and migrate through the venular wall
What initiates the migration step of neutrophil extravasation?
adhesion molecules and chemokynes
Selectins and Integrins are broadly known as...
Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide
Which byproducts of respiratory burst are the most bactericidal?
Luminescence assay
What is common method for measuring respiratory burst (used in our case study)?
Measures production of reactive oxygen species as relative light units
How does a luminescence assay work?
Luminescence assays measure BOTH function AND expression
Do luminescence assays measure function or expression?
Western Blots
What is a common method for measuring the expression of NADPH components in neutrophil
functions?
The expression (or presence) or proteins in a cell's lysate
What do Western blots detect?
Western Blots measure expression only, and focus less on function.
Do Western Blots measure expression or function?
CDG is linked to the sex chromosome X. Men only have one X chromosome, so if it is defective they
do not have another X chromosome to dominate the recessive gene
Why is GCD more severe in in males?
myeloid
What kind of cellular lineage is primarily responsible for innate immunity?
Granulocytes and Phagocytes
What are the two members of the myeloid lineage that were focused on in class?
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells
What are some examples of Granulocytes?
combatting multicellular parasites or helminths
What are the major function of eosinophils?
source of cytokine IL-4 which INITIATES allergic response
What is the major function of Basophils?
Major mediators of CARRYING OUT allergic reactions
What is the major function of mast cells?
basophils and mast cells
Which two granulocytes have the most in common?
24 hours
What is the half life of a neutrophil?
neutrophils
Which granulocyte is the most abundant?
Migration, phagocytosis, and respiratory burst
What are the three main function of neutrophils?
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
What disease would occur if neutrophils have issues with NADPH oxidase?
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency
Which disease would occur if neutrophils have a deficiency in adhesion molecules, preventing
migration?
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
What disease would occur if a neutrophil has phagocytosis and granule defects?
Rolling, Integrin Activation, Stable adhesion, and migration through endothelium
What are the major steps in neutrophil extravasation?
Selectins mediating weak tethering of blood leukocytes on the endothelium, and the sheer force of
blood flow causes rolling along the endothelium surface
What initiates the ROLLING step of neutrophil extravasation?
Chemokynes bind to receptors on the rolling leukocytes, which activate leukocyte integrins to a
strong binding state.
What initiates the integrin activation step of neutrophil extravasation?
, Activated integrins bind to their lg superfamily ligands which causes a stable adhesion of leukocytes
What initiates the stable adhesion step of neutrophil extravasation?
Binded leukocytes crawl to junctions between endothelial cells and migrate through the venular wall
What initiates the migration step of neutrophil extravasation?
adhesion molecules and chemokynes
Selectins and Integrins are broadly known as...
Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide
Which byproducts of respiratory burst are the most bactericidal?
Luminescence assay
What is common method for measuring respiratory burst (used in our case study)?
Measures production of reactive oxygen species as relative light units
How does a luminescence assay work?
Luminescence assays measure BOTH function AND expression
Do luminescence assays measure function or expression?
Western Blots
What is a common method for measuring the expression of NADPH components in neutrophil
functions?
The expression (or presence) or proteins in a cell's lysate
What do Western blots detect?
Western Blots measure expression only, and focus less on function.
Do Western Blots measure expression or function?
CDG is linked to the sex chromosome X. Men only have one X chromosome, so if it is defective they
do not have another X chromosome to dominate the recessive gene
Why is GCD more severe in in males?
myeloid
What kind of cellular lineage is primarily responsible for innate immunity?
Granulocytes and Phagocytes
What are the two members of the myeloid lineage that were focused on in class?
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells
What are some examples of Granulocytes?
