IMMUNOLOGY TEST 1 Immune System With
100% Correct Answers
process of being protected against foreign antigens
immunity
aka immunoglobins, these are specific glycoproteins found in serum or plasma produced by B-lymphs
when body detects harmful substances called antigens
antibodies
aka immunogens, these large molecules found on surface of cells, viruses, fungi, bacteria, pollen,
chemicals, foreign particles causing body to produce antibodies against it; can be formed in the body
with bacterial toxins or tissue cells
antigens
portions or fragments of an antigen that REACT with antibodies and lymph receptors
epitope
very small molecules that can bind to a larger carrier molecule and behave as an antigen
hapten
molecule that when coupled with a hapten, renders the hapten immunogenic
carrier
main function is to recognize microbes as being either self or nonself
immune system
defense, homeostasis, surveillance
3 functions of immune system
first line of defense, natural (innate) immunity, acquired (adaptive) immunity
3 types of immune response
defense mechanism that body uses immediately after exposure to a microbe; it is non-specific and
nonadaptive
natural immunity
components include phagocytic cells along with mast cells, neutros and macrophages
cellular component
components include complement proteins, lysozymes, interferons
humoral components
proteins that produce inflammatory effects and destroy cells when activated
complement proteins
, enzyme secreted by macrophages that attack cell walls of some bacteria
lysozymes
proteins produced by many cells in response to viral infections to BLOCK replication of virus in other
cells
interferons
immunity that becomes operational when natural immunity is overwhelmed; it is antigen-specific
adaptive immunity (acquired)
results in production of antibodies to combat non-self antigens
humoral response
involves activation of specific lymphocytic cells to combat non-self antigens
cell-mediated reponse
intitial response for removal of microbes; innate or immunity we are born with; nonantigen specific;
nonadaptive; includes mast cells, neutros, macrophages; humoral components include complement
proteins, lysozymes and interferons
natural immunity
secondary defense mechanism; acquired thru life; antigen specific; adaptive; cellular components
include antigen presenting cells, macrophages, T-lymphs, B-lymphs; humoral components include
antibodies, cytokines
adaptive immunity
includes bone marrow where T-lymphs and B-lymphs are produced and the thymus found near
trachea where stem cells develop into T-cells
primary lymphoid organs
include mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), lymph nodes, and spleen
secondary lymphoid organs and tissues
composed of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue and provide 1st line of defense against orally
ingested pathogens
MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)
bundles of tissue found throughout human body filled with lymphocyte cells that act as filters by
removing microorganisms from circulation; part of secondary organs
lymph nodes
largest of the secondary organs that acts as a filter by trapping and removing foreign materials out the
the blood and removes old/damaged RBCs
spleen
100% Correct Answers
process of being protected against foreign antigens
immunity
aka immunoglobins, these are specific glycoproteins found in serum or plasma produced by B-lymphs
when body detects harmful substances called antigens
antibodies
aka immunogens, these large molecules found on surface of cells, viruses, fungi, bacteria, pollen,
chemicals, foreign particles causing body to produce antibodies against it; can be formed in the body
with bacterial toxins or tissue cells
antigens
portions or fragments of an antigen that REACT with antibodies and lymph receptors
epitope
very small molecules that can bind to a larger carrier molecule and behave as an antigen
hapten
molecule that when coupled with a hapten, renders the hapten immunogenic
carrier
main function is to recognize microbes as being either self or nonself
immune system
defense, homeostasis, surveillance
3 functions of immune system
first line of defense, natural (innate) immunity, acquired (adaptive) immunity
3 types of immune response
defense mechanism that body uses immediately after exposure to a microbe; it is non-specific and
nonadaptive
natural immunity
components include phagocytic cells along with mast cells, neutros and macrophages
cellular component
components include complement proteins, lysozymes, interferons
humoral components
proteins that produce inflammatory effects and destroy cells when activated
complement proteins
, enzyme secreted by macrophages that attack cell walls of some bacteria
lysozymes
proteins produced by many cells in response to viral infections to BLOCK replication of virus in other
cells
interferons
immunity that becomes operational when natural immunity is overwhelmed; it is antigen-specific
adaptive immunity (acquired)
results in production of antibodies to combat non-self antigens
humoral response
involves activation of specific lymphocytic cells to combat non-self antigens
cell-mediated reponse
intitial response for removal of microbes; innate or immunity we are born with; nonantigen specific;
nonadaptive; includes mast cells, neutros, macrophages; humoral components include complement
proteins, lysozymes and interferons
natural immunity
secondary defense mechanism; acquired thru life; antigen specific; adaptive; cellular components
include antigen presenting cells, macrophages, T-lymphs, B-lymphs; humoral components include
antibodies, cytokines
adaptive immunity
includes bone marrow where T-lymphs and B-lymphs are produced and the thymus found near
trachea where stem cells develop into T-cells
primary lymphoid organs
include mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), lymph nodes, and spleen
secondary lymphoid organs and tissues
composed of small concentrations of lymphoid tissue and provide 1st line of defense against orally
ingested pathogens
MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)
bundles of tissue found throughout human body filled with lymphocyte cells that act as filters by
removing microorganisms from circulation; part of secondary organs
lymph nodes
largest of the secondary organs that acts as a filter by trapping and removing foreign materials out the
the blood and removes old/damaged RBCs
spleen
