Other Dermatological Disorders (Smarty PANCE): Acanthosis nigricans, Hidradenitis suppurativa, Lipomas/epithelial inclusion cysts, Photosensitivity reactions, Pilonidal disease, Urticaria Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Other Dermatological Disorders (Smarty PANCE): Acanthosis nigricans, Hidradenitis suppurativa, Lipomas/epithelial inclusion cysts, Photosensitivity reactions, Pilonidal disease, Urticaria Exam Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is acanthosis nigricans? Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a benign dermatosis characterized by velvety, hyperpigmented, hyperkeratotic plaques, which are usually symmetric What areas of acanthosis nigricans are most often affected? Most often occurs on the posterior neck, flexural and intertriginous surfaces (axilla, elbow, inframammary areas, groin and anogenital regions), and sometimes in mucocutaneous areas What is acanthosis nigricans associated with? Typically a sign of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, but it can be a marker of malignancy How is acanthosis nigricans diagnosed? Acanthosis nigricans is typically diagnosed clinically. A skin biopsy may be needed in unusual cases How is acanthosis nigricans treated? Treat the underlying disease state - often, this includes weight loss and metformin What treatment is available for patients in whom reversal of the underlying cause of acanthosis nigricans is impossible, in whom the degree of improvement is unsatisfactory, or who desire accelerated improvement in the cosmetic appearance of lesions? Topical therapies that normalize epidermal proliferation, such as topical retinoids and topical vitamin D analogs, may be of benefit What is hidradenitis suppurativa? Chronic abscess/infection of apocrine sweat glands What are the most common sites of hidradenitis suppurativa? Common in intertriginous skin regions: axillae, groin, perianal, perineal, inframammary skin. Body habitus may contribute to additional intertriginous sites, such as inframammary skin and abdominal folds. Who is most commonly affected by hidradenitis suppurativa? Most common in women, ages 20-30 years, and African American Diagnosis of hidradenitis suppurativa? Diagnosis of hidradenitis suppurativa is by examination. Cultures should be taken from deep abscesses and sinus tracts in patients who have a chronic disease, but often no pathogens will be found. What is the Hurley staging system for hidradenitis suppurativa? The Hurley staging system for hidradenitis suppurativa describes the severity of disease: - Stage 1: single or multiple abscesses, but no sinus tract or scaring - Stage 2: sinus tracts and scarring - Stage 3: multiple interconnected sinus tracts and a