RN Pharmacology EXAM RETAKE 70 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication has a long
half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
A. Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels between doses for long periods
of time. The nurse should expect to administer this medication once a day.
.
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication metabolism
with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation. Which of the following factors should the
educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages? (Select all that apply.)
A. Increased renal secretion
B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
Answer:
C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the concentration of a medication. This
requires decreasing the dosage.
E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they compete for metabolism, thereby
increasing the concentration of one or both medications. This requires decreasing the dosage of one
or both medications.
.
A nurse is preparing to administer
eye drops to a client. Which of
the following actions should the
nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A.have the client lie on her side.
B.Ask the client to look
up at the ceiling.
C.Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D.Drop the medication
into the center of the
,client's conjunctival sac.
E.Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
B. The client should look upward to
keep the drops from falling onto her cornea.
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
E. The client should close her eye gently
to promote distribution of the medication
A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal
patches. Which of the following
statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands the instructions?
A."I will clean the site with
an alcohol swab before
I apply the patch."
B."I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C."I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D."I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
C. The client should apply the patch to a hairless
area of skin to promote absorption of the medication.
A nurse reviewing a client's
medical record notes a new prescription for verifying the trough
level of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A.Obtain a blood specimen
immediately prior to
administering the next
dose of medication.
B.Verify that the client has
been taking the medication
for 24 hr before obtaining
a blood specimen.
C.Ask the client to pr
ovide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
D.Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min late
A. To verify trough levels of a medication, the
nurse should obtain a blood specimen immediately
before administering the next dose of medication.
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in
following legal practice
guidelines? (Select all that apply.)
,A.maintain skill competency.
B.Determine the dosage.
C. monitor for adverse effects.
D.Safeguard medications.
E.Identify the client's diagnosis
A.maintaining skill competency and using appropriate
administration techniques are legal responsibilities of the nurse
C. A nurse is legally responsible for monitoring
for side and adverse effects of medication
D. Safeguarding of medications, such as controlled
substances, is a legal responsibility of the nurse
A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for lisinopril 10 mg PO once every
day. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescription?
A.Single
B.Stat
C.Routine
D.Standing
C. A routine or standard prescription identifies medications
to give on a regular schedule with or without a termination
date or a specific number of doses. The nurse will administer
this medication every day until the provider discontinues it.
A nurse is reviewing a new
prescription for ondansetron 4 mg
PO PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has hyperemesis
gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of the
prescription with the provider?
A.Name
B.Dosage
C.Route
D.Frequency
D. This prescription does not include the time or frequency of medication administration. The nurse
must clarify this with the prescribing provide
A nurse is admitting a client and completing a preassessment before administering medications.
Which of the following data
should the nurse include in the preassessment? (Select all that apply.)
A.Use of herbal teas
, B.Daily fluid intake
C.Current health status
D.Previous surgical history
E.Food allergies
A. The nurse should inquire about the client's use of herbal products, which often contain caffeine,
prior to medication
administration because caffeine can affect medication biotransformation
C. The nurse should review the client's current health status
because new prescriptions can cause alterations in current health status
E. The nurse should inquire about food allergies during
the preassessment to identify any potential reactions or interactions
A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure for taking a telephone
prescription.
Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an
indication that the newly licensed nurse understands the process?
A."A second nurse enters
the prescription into the
client's medical record."
B."Another nurse should
listen to the phone call."
C."The provider can clarify
the prescription when he
signs the health record."
D."I should omit the 'r
ead back' if this is a one-time prescription
B.A second nurse should listen to a telephone
prescription to prevent errors in communication.
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 1 g by intermittent IV bolus. Available is vancomycin 1
g
in 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water (D5W) to infuse over 45 min. The drop factor of the manual IV
tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should
adjust the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round
the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
22 gtt/min
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin 200 mg by intermittent IV bolus. The amount available
is clindamycin injection 200 mg in 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride
(0.9% NaCl) to infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?
(Round
the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
200 mL/hr
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A provider prescribes phenobarbital for a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication has a long
half-life of 4 days. How many times per day should the nurse expect to administer this medication?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
A. Medications with long half-lives remain at their therapeutic levels between doses for long periods
of time. The nurse should expect to administer this medication once a day.
.
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication metabolism
with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation. Which of the following factors should the
educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages? (Select all that apply.)
A. Increased renal secretion
B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
C. Liver failure
D. Peripheral vascular disease
E. Concurrent use of medication the same pathway metabolizes
Answer:
C. Liver failure decreases metabolism and thus increases the concentration of a medication. This
requires decreasing the dosage.
E. When the same pathway metabolizes two medications, they compete for metabolism, thereby
increasing the concentration of one or both medications. This requires decreasing the dosage of one
or both medications.
.
A nurse is preparing to administer
eye drops to a client. Which of
the following actions should the
nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A.have the client lie on her side.
B.Ask the client to look
up at the ceiling.
C.Tell the client to blink when the drops enter her eye.
D.Drop the medication
into the center of the
,client's conjunctival sac.
E.Instruct the client to close her eye gently after instillation
B. The client should look upward to
keep the drops from falling onto her cornea.
D. The nurse should drop the medication into the
center of the conjunctival sac to promote distribution.
E. The client should close her eye gently
to promote distribution of the medication
A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal
patches. Which of the following
statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client
understands the instructions?
A."I will clean the site with
an alcohol swab before
I apply the patch."
B."I will rotate the application sites weekly."
C."I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair."
D."I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch.
C. The client should apply the patch to a hairless
area of skin to promote absorption of the medication.
A nurse reviewing a client's
medical record notes a new prescription for verifying the trough
level of the client's medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A.Obtain a blood specimen
immediately prior to
administering the next
dose of medication.
B.Verify that the client has
been taking the medication
for 24 hr before obtaining
a blood specimen.
C.Ask the client to pr
ovide a urine specimen after the next dose of medication.
D.Administer the medication,and obtain a blood specimen 30 min late
A. To verify trough levels of a medication, the
nurse should obtain a blood specimen immediately
before administering the next dose of medication.
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse take in
following legal practice
guidelines? (Select all that apply.)
,A.maintain skill competency.
B.Determine the dosage.
C. monitor for adverse effects.
D.Safeguard medications.
E.Identify the client's diagnosis
A.maintaining skill competency and using appropriate
administration techniques are legal responsibilities of the nurse
C. A nurse is legally responsible for monitoring
for side and adverse effects of medication
D. Safeguarding of medications, such as controlled
substances, is a legal responsibility of the nurse
A nurse reviewing a client's health record notes a new prescription for lisinopril 10 mg PO once every
day. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescription?
A.Single
B.Stat
C.Routine
D.Standing
C. A routine or standard prescription identifies medications
to give on a regular schedule with or without a termination
date or a specific number of doses. The nurse will administer
this medication every day until the provider discontinues it.
A nurse is reviewing a new
prescription for ondansetron 4 mg
PO PRN for nausea and vomiting for a client who has hyperemesis
gravidarum. The nurse should clarify which of the following parts of the
prescription with the provider?
A.Name
B.Dosage
C.Route
D.Frequency
D. This prescription does not include the time or frequency of medication administration. The nurse
must clarify this with the prescribing provide
A nurse is admitting a client and completing a preassessment before administering medications.
Which of the following data
should the nurse include in the preassessment? (Select all that apply.)
A.Use of herbal teas
, B.Daily fluid intake
C.Current health status
D.Previous surgical history
E.Food allergies
A. The nurse should inquire about the client's use of herbal products, which often contain caffeine,
prior to medication
administration because caffeine can affect medication biotransformation
C. The nurse should review the client's current health status
because new prescriptions can cause alterations in current health status
E. The nurse should inquire about food allergies during
the preassessment to identify any potential reactions or interactions
A nurse orienting a newly licensed nurse is reviewing the procedure for taking a telephone
prescription.
Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an
indication that the newly licensed nurse understands the process?
A."A second nurse enters
the prescription into the
client's medical record."
B."Another nurse should
listen to the phone call."
C."The provider can clarify
the prescription when he
signs the health record."
D."I should omit the 'r
ead back' if this is a one-time prescription
B.A second nurse should listen to a telephone
prescription to prevent errors in communication.
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 1 g by intermittent IV bolus. Available is vancomycin 1
g
in 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water (D5W) to infuse over 45 min. The drop factor of the manual IV
tubing is 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should
adjust the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round
the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
22 gtt/min
A nurse is preparing to administer clindamycin 200 mg by intermittent IV bolus. The amount available
is clindamycin injection 200 mg in 100 mL 0.9% sodium chloride
(0.9% NaCl) to infuse over 30 min. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?
(Round
the answer to the nearest whole number. Do not use a trailing zero.
200 mL/hr
