Chsos Exam Study Set Final Exam 2024

Chsos Exam Study Set Final Exam 2024 reductionism - CORRECT ANSWER-if you want to understand something complex, you break it down into its component parts how we go about understanding 1. complex sequences of events 2. how we fix things 3. cure things, 4. mass produce things What allowed for the invention of rational, scientific thought in Christian Europe (emerging from the Dark Ages)? - CORRECT ANSWER-conquest in 1085 of the Muslim city of Toledo,---along with a treasure virtually unknown in Europe, namely a *library* -By giving Europe access to some of the vast amounts of knowledge lost with the fall of Rome in 410--to forms of philosophy, logic, math that Europe only recalled as vague myths--made possible virtually unprecedented marvels, like critical thinking, syllogism and deductive reasoning, generating hypotheses in testable manners, and even then testing them. building blocks of reductionism (5) - CORRECT ANSWER-1. to understand the workings of something complex, *break it down into its component parts* and understand how those parts work -(or are failing to work, in the fix-it scenario) 2. to get the complex system back from those component parts are to *put 'em back together* in a *straightforward, additive, linear* manner 3. Implicit in this---there is a *point-for-point correspondence* between the component parts and the final, complex state (all the following vice versa:) ---- if you know the *starting state* of a complex system, you can know the *final state* without having to go through each intervening step --- if there is a small change in the starting state, it *maps predictably* onto a small change in the final state ---- approximate knowledge of the starting state gives you *predictive power* about the approximate nature of the final state 4. a perfectly reductive syst. req. a *blueprint* (and intrinsic in that---a blueprint maker) 5. there's *variability* that is *noise* -your measurement instruments are accurate---once you get better ones, the noise should disappear -makes it harder for you to perceive info. What is implied in the point-for-point correspondence btwn. the component parts and the final, complex state in reductionism? (starting state, final state) - CORRECT ANSWER-1. if you know the *starting state* of a complex system, you can know the *final state* without having to go through each intervening step 2. if there is a small change in the starting state, it *maps predictably* onto a small change in the final state 3. approximate knowledge of the starting state gives you *predictive power* about the approximate nature of the final state (and vice versa)