KAISER EKG 2024 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS
STUDY GUIDE GET ALL RIGHT
What drugs treat atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation?
beta blockers, diltiazem, verapamil, digoxin, amiodarone, coumadin, lovenox
What is a treatment option for symptomatic (unstable) atrial flutter?
Synchronized cardioversion at 50-100J
What is a treatment option for symptomatic (unstable) atrial fibrillation?
Synchronized cardioversion at 120-200J
What is the treatment for stable SVT?
Vagal maneuvers and adenosine
what is the treatment for unstable SVT?
Synchronized cardioversion
What is the treatment for symptomatic junctional escape?
atropine 0.5mg
What is the treatment for symptomatic first degree block?
atropine 0.5mg
what is the drugs and treatment for symptomatic second degree block type 1?
atropine 0.5mg, epinephrine or a temporary pacemaker?
What is the drugs and treatment for symptomatic second degree block type 2?
Atropine 0.5mg, epinephrine or dopamine
transcutaneous pacing as a bridge to a permanent pacemaker.
What is the drugs and treatment for third degree block?
Atropine, epinephrine, or dopamine
transcutaneous pacing as a bridge to a permanent pacemaker.
What drug is used to treat sinus bradycardia?
Atropine 0.5mg
Do you pace sinus bradycardia?
Yes, with external or transvenous pacemakers
What drugs should you HOLD with sinus bradycardia?
Digoxin and beta blockers
How do you treat sinus tachycardia?
treat the underlying cause
What drugs are used to treat sinus pause/block?
Atropine 0.5mg or epinephrine
What type of pacemaker is used to treat sinus node disease (sinus pause/block)?
Atrial pacemaker
Treatment for PVCs
Correct hypoxemia, low K+, low Mg++
Drugs used to treat PVCs
Amiodarone, Lidocaine,Pronestyl
Treatment for Monomorphic VT with pulse (stable)
Amiodarone, lidocaine, procainimide and synchronized cardioversion
,treatment for Monomorphic VT with pulse (unstable)
Amiodarone, synchronized cardioversion
Treatment for monomorphic and polymorphic pulseless VT (unstable)
Defibrillation, CPR, Epinephrine
Treatment for polymorphic VT with pulse (stable and unstable)
Magnesium and defibrillation
treatment for ventricular fibrillation
Defibrillation, CPR, and Epinephrine
Treatment for idioventricular rhythm/ventricular escape rhythm
Atropine, Epinephrine, Isoproterenol
transcutaneous pacing as a bridge to permanent pacemaker.
Treatment for asystole
CPR and Epinephrine
Treatment for PEA
CPR and Epinephrine
Depolarization
Electrical excitation of cell membrane followed by mechanical contraction
Repolarization
Return of cell membrane resting state
PR interval
.12-.20sec
PR interval is measured fro beginning of ____ to beginning to ____?
Beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS wave
QRS complex
.06-.12sec
First negative deflection after P wave R wave?
Q wave
Negative deflection following R wave?
S wave
Marks QRS complex and ends ST segment?
J point
QT interval
.44-.48sec
No perceived electrical current?
Isoelectric line
Atrial depolorization?
P wave
Delay at AV junction?
PR segment
Ventricular depolorization?
QRS
Normally isoelectronic line between QRS and beginning of T-wave?
ST Segment
ventricular repolarization?
T wave
What does T wave look like?
, Larger than P wave and slightly asymmetric
beginning of ventricular activation through ventricular depolarization?
QT interval
If U wave is seen what does that mean?
Hypokalemia or digitalis toxicity
Each 1mm box equals how many sec?
0.04sec
Each large box is how many sec?
0.20sec
Lead I makes left arm ____ and right arm ____. Its angle of orientation is
_____degrees
Lead I makes left arm POSITIVE and right arm NEGATIVE. Its angle of orientation is 0
degrees
Lead II is created making legs _______and the left arm is ______, the angle of
orientation is ____degrees?
Legs are POSITIVE and right arm NEGATIVE. Angle of orientation is 60 degrees
Lead III is created making legs ______and left arm _____, angle is _____degrees?
Legs is POSITIVE and left arm is NEGATIVE, angle is 120 degrees
Lead aVL created making left arm ______and other limbs _____, angle is -_____?
Left arm is POSITIVE and other limbs is NEGATIVE, angle is -30 degrees
Lead aVR is created making right arm _____ and other limbs _____, its angle of
orientation is -____degrees
Right arm is POSITIVE and other limbs NEGATIVE, angle of orientation is -150
Lead aVF is created making legs _____and other limbs ____, the angle of
orientation is ____ degrees toward the feet
Legs POSITIVE and other limbs NEGATIVE, angle of orientation is 90 degrees
V1 is placed ____-?
4th intercostal space to the right of the sternum
V2 is placed?
4th intercostal space, left sternal border
V3 is placed where?
Between V2 and V4
V4 is placed where?
Fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line
V5 is placed where?
Between V4 and V6
V6 is placed where?
Fifth intercostal space, midaxillary line.
Treatment for bradycardia?
Atropine 0.5mg IV
Sinus pause includes what two things?
Sinus arrest and sinoatrial exit block
Sinus pause is one or two missed beats
Sinus arrest?
Failure of the SA node to create an impulse, an interruption of R-R regularity
When 3 or more beats aren't formed
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS
STUDY GUIDE GET ALL RIGHT
What drugs treat atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation?
beta blockers, diltiazem, verapamil, digoxin, amiodarone, coumadin, lovenox
What is a treatment option for symptomatic (unstable) atrial flutter?
Synchronized cardioversion at 50-100J
What is a treatment option for symptomatic (unstable) atrial fibrillation?
Synchronized cardioversion at 120-200J
What is the treatment for stable SVT?
Vagal maneuvers and adenosine
what is the treatment for unstable SVT?
Synchronized cardioversion
What is the treatment for symptomatic junctional escape?
atropine 0.5mg
What is the treatment for symptomatic first degree block?
atropine 0.5mg
what is the drugs and treatment for symptomatic second degree block type 1?
atropine 0.5mg, epinephrine or a temporary pacemaker?
What is the drugs and treatment for symptomatic second degree block type 2?
Atropine 0.5mg, epinephrine or dopamine
transcutaneous pacing as a bridge to a permanent pacemaker.
What is the drugs and treatment for third degree block?
Atropine, epinephrine, or dopamine
transcutaneous pacing as a bridge to a permanent pacemaker.
What drug is used to treat sinus bradycardia?
Atropine 0.5mg
Do you pace sinus bradycardia?
Yes, with external or transvenous pacemakers
What drugs should you HOLD with sinus bradycardia?
Digoxin and beta blockers
How do you treat sinus tachycardia?
treat the underlying cause
What drugs are used to treat sinus pause/block?
Atropine 0.5mg or epinephrine
What type of pacemaker is used to treat sinus node disease (sinus pause/block)?
Atrial pacemaker
Treatment for PVCs
Correct hypoxemia, low K+, low Mg++
Drugs used to treat PVCs
Amiodarone, Lidocaine,Pronestyl
Treatment for Monomorphic VT with pulse (stable)
Amiodarone, lidocaine, procainimide and synchronized cardioversion
,treatment for Monomorphic VT with pulse (unstable)
Amiodarone, synchronized cardioversion
Treatment for monomorphic and polymorphic pulseless VT (unstable)
Defibrillation, CPR, Epinephrine
Treatment for polymorphic VT with pulse (stable and unstable)
Magnesium and defibrillation
treatment for ventricular fibrillation
Defibrillation, CPR, and Epinephrine
Treatment for idioventricular rhythm/ventricular escape rhythm
Atropine, Epinephrine, Isoproterenol
transcutaneous pacing as a bridge to permanent pacemaker.
Treatment for asystole
CPR and Epinephrine
Treatment for PEA
CPR and Epinephrine
Depolarization
Electrical excitation of cell membrane followed by mechanical contraction
Repolarization
Return of cell membrane resting state
PR interval
.12-.20sec
PR interval is measured fro beginning of ____ to beginning to ____?
Beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS wave
QRS complex
.06-.12sec
First negative deflection after P wave R wave?
Q wave
Negative deflection following R wave?
S wave
Marks QRS complex and ends ST segment?
J point
QT interval
.44-.48sec
No perceived electrical current?
Isoelectric line
Atrial depolorization?
P wave
Delay at AV junction?
PR segment
Ventricular depolorization?
QRS
Normally isoelectronic line between QRS and beginning of T-wave?
ST Segment
ventricular repolarization?
T wave
What does T wave look like?
, Larger than P wave and slightly asymmetric
beginning of ventricular activation through ventricular depolarization?
QT interval
If U wave is seen what does that mean?
Hypokalemia or digitalis toxicity
Each 1mm box equals how many sec?
0.04sec
Each large box is how many sec?
0.20sec
Lead I makes left arm ____ and right arm ____. Its angle of orientation is
_____degrees
Lead I makes left arm POSITIVE and right arm NEGATIVE. Its angle of orientation is 0
degrees
Lead II is created making legs _______and the left arm is ______, the angle of
orientation is ____degrees?
Legs are POSITIVE and right arm NEGATIVE. Angle of orientation is 60 degrees
Lead III is created making legs ______and left arm _____, angle is _____degrees?
Legs is POSITIVE and left arm is NEGATIVE, angle is 120 degrees
Lead aVL created making left arm ______and other limbs _____, angle is -_____?
Left arm is POSITIVE and other limbs is NEGATIVE, angle is -30 degrees
Lead aVR is created making right arm _____ and other limbs _____, its angle of
orientation is -____degrees
Right arm is POSITIVE and other limbs NEGATIVE, angle of orientation is -150
Lead aVF is created making legs _____and other limbs ____, the angle of
orientation is ____ degrees toward the feet
Legs POSITIVE and other limbs NEGATIVE, angle of orientation is 90 degrees
V1 is placed ____-?
4th intercostal space to the right of the sternum
V2 is placed?
4th intercostal space, left sternal border
V3 is placed where?
Between V2 and V4
V4 is placed where?
Fifth intercostal space at the midclavicular line
V5 is placed where?
Between V4 and V6
V6 is placed where?
Fifth intercostal space, midaxillary line.
Treatment for bradycardia?
Atropine 0.5mg IV
Sinus pause includes what two things?
Sinus arrest and sinoatrial exit block
Sinus pause is one or two missed beats
Sinus arrest?
Failure of the SA node to create an impulse, an interruption of R-R regularity
When 3 or more beats aren't formed
