PHONATORY SYSTEM ANATOMY EXAM
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS { GRADED
A+}
effective voice requires coordination of subsystems -
✔✔respiration
phonation
resonance
articulation
larynx - ✔✔valve-like mechanism
-5cm structure acting as a passageway between upper and lower
airway
-houses the vocal folds
-protection/survival (protects airway, opening to aid respiration,
thoracic fixation)
,-sound source for voice production
length of female vocal folds - ✔✔12-17 mm
length of male vocal folds - ✔✔17-25 mm
laryngeal structure - ✔✔hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage
hyaline cartilage - ✔✔-flexible and elastic properties
-made up of collagen (basic building block of cartilage) and other
proteins
-forms the thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid cartilages
elastic cartilage - ✔✔can more freely move
-the matrix of the elastic cartilage also contains a network of
branched yellow elastic fibers
-more flexible, can withstand repeated bending
-forms the epiglottis
hyoid bone - ✔✔part of axial skeleton (NOT part of larynx)
-unpaired
-important site for the muscular attachments of the larynx via the
suprahyoid and infra hyoid muscles
, -attached to the tongue via glossoepiglottic ligament
glossoepiglottic ligament - ✔✔attaches the tongue to the hyoid
bone
aphonia - ✔✔complete loss of voice
dysphonia - ✔✔abnormal voicing
thyroid cartilage - ✔✔largest unpaired cartilage in the laryngeal
framework
-adam's apple
-men = 90 degree anterior angle
-women = 120 degree anterior angle
cricoid cartilage - ✔✔single cartilage made up of hyaline tissue
-connected to the thyroid cartilage via the inferior horn and
superiorly but the cricothyroid membrane
-attaches to the 1st tracheal ring by the crichotracheal ligament or
membrane
posterior cricothyroid muscle - ✔✔sole abductor of the larynx
cricothyroid joint - ✔✔on the lateral aspect of the cricoid cartilage
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS { GRADED
A+}
effective voice requires coordination of subsystems -
✔✔respiration
phonation
resonance
articulation
larynx - ✔✔valve-like mechanism
-5cm structure acting as a passageway between upper and lower
airway
-houses the vocal folds
-protection/survival (protects airway, opening to aid respiration,
thoracic fixation)
,-sound source for voice production
length of female vocal folds - ✔✔12-17 mm
length of male vocal folds - ✔✔17-25 mm
laryngeal structure - ✔✔hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage
hyaline cartilage - ✔✔-flexible and elastic properties
-made up of collagen (basic building block of cartilage) and other
proteins
-forms the thyroid, cricoid and arytenoid cartilages
elastic cartilage - ✔✔can more freely move
-the matrix of the elastic cartilage also contains a network of
branched yellow elastic fibers
-more flexible, can withstand repeated bending
-forms the epiglottis
hyoid bone - ✔✔part of axial skeleton (NOT part of larynx)
-unpaired
-important site for the muscular attachments of the larynx via the
suprahyoid and infra hyoid muscles
, -attached to the tongue via glossoepiglottic ligament
glossoepiglottic ligament - ✔✔attaches the tongue to the hyoid
bone
aphonia - ✔✔complete loss of voice
dysphonia - ✔✔abnormal voicing
thyroid cartilage - ✔✔largest unpaired cartilage in the laryngeal
framework
-adam's apple
-men = 90 degree anterior angle
-women = 120 degree anterior angle
cricoid cartilage - ✔✔single cartilage made up of hyaline tissue
-connected to the thyroid cartilage via the inferior horn and
superiorly but the cricothyroid membrane
-attaches to the 1st tracheal ring by the crichotracheal ligament or
membrane
posterior cricothyroid muscle - ✔✔sole abductor of the larynx
cricothyroid joint - ✔✔on the lateral aspect of the cricoid cartilage
