ANATOMICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE INFANT AND ADULT ORALPHARYNGEAL MECHANISM EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS {GRADED A+}

ANATOMICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN

THE INFANT AND ADULT ORAL-

PHARYNGEAL MECHANISM EXAM WITH

CORRECT ANSWERS {GRADED A+}



intra-oral space of infant - ✔✔small and compact

lower jaw (mandible) of infant - ✔✔smaller and slightly retracted

present in the cheeks of full-term infants - ✔✔sucking pads

tongue in the infant - ✔✔takes up more space in the mouth

-shows restrictions in movement (mostly up down with jaw)

newborns - ✔✔obligate nasal breathers

epiglottis and soft palate in infant - ✔✔are in approximation

-offer an extra level of airway protection

larynx and hyoid - ✔✔higher in the neck of the newborn than in the older

child or adult

, -offers an extra level of airway protection

hyoid in infant - ✔✔is cartilage and gradually calcifies to bone toward

adulthood

infant's eustachian tube - ✔✔is in a more horizontal position

-assumes a more vertical angle in the older child and adult, thereby

reducing the incidence of ear infections

anatomical changes begin by 4-6 mo and continue through the 1st few

years - ✔✔more neck and head control and better trunk control by this

time

changes in vocalizations that begin at 4-6 mo - ✔✔oral resonance, pitch,

intonation, babbling, emergence of consonants

feeding shift by 4-6 mo - ✔✔shift to pureed/solid food from spoon

changes in oral cavity starting at 4-6 mo - ✔✔enlarges

changes in maxilla starting at 4-6 mo - ✔✔enlarges to allow for erupting

teeth

changes in hard palate starting at 4-6 mo - ✔✔grows in length posteriorly

changes in soft palate starting at 4-6 mo - ✔✔descends toward to

pharyngeal cavity