Test Bank For Local Anesthesia for the Dental
Hygienist 2nd Edition 2024/2025 graded (A+)
what potent drug used for pain control was derived from opium? - ANSWER-Morphine
What drug did Horace Wells first introduce into dentistry for pain control? - ANSWER-Nitrous Oxide
All of the following are reasons why procaine was NOT as desirable as lidocaine for pain control -
ANSWER-Difficult to produce the desired anesthetic result
It causes allergic reactions
It was not as potent
Injectable amides are recommended over esters because there is - ANSWER-Less risk of allergic
reactions
Increased potency
What is the most popular local anesthetic used in the U.S. today? - ANSWER-Lidocaine
What is the definition of pain threshold? - ANSWER-The point at which a sensation starts to be painful
and discomfort results
What is pain perception? - ANSWER-A neurologic experience of pain related to the process of receiving
pain stimuli and transmission of this pain tot eh brain that differs little among individuals
What is pain? - ANSWER-The sensation of discomfort that the patient feels, ranging from mild to severe
What is pain reaction? - ANSWER-Personal interpretation and responses to the pain message that is
highly variable among individuals
,Pain can be influenced by all of the following - ANSWER-Fear
Fatigue
Culture
ALSO:
emotional state
stress
age
What theory helps dental hygienist understand that relationship between human-need fulfillment and
human behavior? - ANSWER-Human-needs theory/paradigm
What is the definition of stress? - ANSWER-A physical and emotional response to a particular situation
What may negatively influence the pain reaction threshold? - ANSWER-Fear
ALSO:
Emotional State
Fatigue and stress
Age
Cultural characteristics
It is best to schedule apprehensive patients for long appointments to complete as much work as
possible. It is best to schedule these appointments in the morning. - ANSWER-First statement is NOT
correct
Second statement is correct
What is the personal interpretation and response to the pain message, and is highly variable among
individuals? - ANSWER-Pain reaction
,In what year was the first local anesthetic introduced? - ANSWER-1884
If a patient has a high pain threshold, he or she will experience more intense pain than a patient who
has a low pain threshold. - ANSWER-False
What percentage of patients have reported to have had onset of dental anxiety by adolescence? -
ANSWER-50% to 85%
What are signs of moderate anxiety? - ANSWER-History of frequently missed appointments
History of emergency appointments only
ALSO:
Questions receptionist regarding injections or use of sedation
Nervous conversations with others in reception area
Cold, sweaty palms
Unnaturally stiff posture
Nervous play with tissue
White-knuckle syndrome
Perspiration on forehead and hands
Over-willingness to cooperate with clinician
Quick answers
What is the best method of managing an anxious patient? - ANSWER-Prevention
A stimulus is an electrical message from one part of the body to another. An impulse is an
environmental change in an excitable tissue. - ANSWER-NEITHER statement is correct
What fibers are the principle fibers in the transmission of sharp, bright dental pain? - ANSWER-A(delta)
fibers
, Local anesthetics work by: - ANSWER-Penetrating the nerve to inhibit Na+ influx
Local anesthetics mostly have their effect on myelinated nerves in which way? - ANSWER-Mostly at the
node of Ranvier
The minimal threshold stimulus required to excite a C fiber will also be sufficient to stimulate an A fiber -
ANSWER-False
When energy for conduction is derived from the nerve cell membrane itself and is no longer dependent
on the stimulus for continuance, the conduction is considered to be: - ANSWER-Self-propagating
The absolute refractory period occurs during the fraction of a millisecond when a nerve fiber can be
excited only by a much stronger stimulus than the initial stimulus - ANSWER-False
Saltatory conduction refers to : - ANSWER-Rapid transmission of nerve impulses along a myelinated
nerve fiber
What is the type of glial cell located in the peripheral nervous system? - ANSWER-Schwann
Myelin (lipoprotein sheath) is composed of: - ANSWER-approximately 75% lipid, 20% protein, and 5%
carbohydrate
The sympathetic division is involved with the "rest or digest" response. The parasympathetic division is
known as the "fight-or-flight response. - ANSWER-NEITHER statement is correct
The afferent division consists of all incoming information traveling along sensory or afferent pathways.
The efferent division consists of all outgoing information along motor or efferent pathways. - ANSWER-
Both statements are CORRECT
What is the outer layer of the myelin sheath that wraps the entire nerve called? - ANSWER-Schwann cell
Hygienist 2nd Edition 2024/2025 graded (A+)
what potent drug used for pain control was derived from opium? - ANSWER-Morphine
What drug did Horace Wells first introduce into dentistry for pain control? - ANSWER-Nitrous Oxide
All of the following are reasons why procaine was NOT as desirable as lidocaine for pain control -
ANSWER-Difficult to produce the desired anesthetic result
It causes allergic reactions
It was not as potent
Injectable amides are recommended over esters because there is - ANSWER-Less risk of allergic
reactions
Increased potency
What is the most popular local anesthetic used in the U.S. today? - ANSWER-Lidocaine
What is the definition of pain threshold? - ANSWER-The point at which a sensation starts to be painful
and discomfort results
What is pain perception? - ANSWER-A neurologic experience of pain related to the process of receiving
pain stimuli and transmission of this pain tot eh brain that differs little among individuals
What is pain? - ANSWER-The sensation of discomfort that the patient feels, ranging from mild to severe
What is pain reaction? - ANSWER-Personal interpretation and responses to the pain message that is
highly variable among individuals
,Pain can be influenced by all of the following - ANSWER-Fear
Fatigue
Culture
ALSO:
emotional state
stress
age
What theory helps dental hygienist understand that relationship between human-need fulfillment and
human behavior? - ANSWER-Human-needs theory/paradigm
What is the definition of stress? - ANSWER-A physical and emotional response to a particular situation
What may negatively influence the pain reaction threshold? - ANSWER-Fear
ALSO:
Emotional State
Fatigue and stress
Age
Cultural characteristics
It is best to schedule apprehensive patients for long appointments to complete as much work as
possible. It is best to schedule these appointments in the morning. - ANSWER-First statement is NOT
correct
Second statement is correct
What is the personal interpretation and response to the pain message, and is highly variable among
individuals? - ANSWER-Pain reaction
,In what year was the first local anesthetic introduced? - ANSWER-1884
If a patient has a high pain threshold, he or she will experience more intense pain than a patient who
has a low pain threshold. - ANSWER-False
What percentage of patients have reported to have had onset of dental anxiety by adolescence? -
ANSWER-50% to 85%
What are signs of moderate anxiety? - ANSWER-History of frequently missed appointments
History of emergency appointments only
ALSO:
Questions receptionist regarding injections or use of sedation
Nervous conversations with others in reception area
Cold, sweaty palms
Unnaturally stiff posture
Nervous play with tissue
White-knuckle syndrome
Perspiration on forehead and hands
Over-willingness to cooperate with clinician
Quick answers
What is the best method of managing an anxious patient? - ANSWER-Prevention
A stimulus is an electrical message from one part of the body to another. An impulse is an
environmental change in an excitable tissue. - ANSWER-NEITHER statement is correct
What fibers are the principle fibers in the transmission of sharp, bright dental pain? - ANSWER-A(delta)
fibers
, Local anesthetics work by: - ANSWER-Penetrating the nerve to inhibit Na+ influx
Local anesthetics mostly have their effect on myelinated nerves in which way? - ANSWER-Mostly at the
node of Ranvier
The minimal threshold stimulus required to excite a C fiber will also be sufficient to stimulate an A fiber -
ANSWER-False
When energy for conduction is derived from the nerve cell membrane itself and is no longer dependent
on the stimulus for continuance, the conduction is considered to be: - ANSWER-Self-propagating
The absolute refractory period occurs during the fraction of a millisecond when a nerve fiber can be
excited only by a much stronger stimulus than the initial stimulus - ANSWER-False
Saltatory conduction refers to : - ANSWER-Rapid transmission of nerve impulses along a myelinated
nerve fiber
What is the type of glial cell located in the peripheral nervous system? - ANSWER-Schwann
Myelin (lipoprotein sheath) is composed of: - ANSWER-approximately 75% lipid, 20% protein, and 5%
carbohydrate
The sympathetic division is involved with the "rest or digest" response. The parasympathetic division is
known as the "fight-or-flight response. - ANSWER-NEITHER statement is correct
The afferent division consists of all incoming information traveling along sensory or afferent pathways.
The efferent division consists of all outgoing information along motor or efferent pathways. - ANSWER-
Both statements are CORRECT
What is the outer layer of the myelin sheath that wraps the entire nerve called? - ANSWER-Schwann cell
