IMPORTANT DRUGS FOR NAVLE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
1st gen cephalosporins are good for what infections/type of bacteria? -
\Skin infections, gram positive such as the bacteria that live on skin
Ex: cefalexin
Allopurinol -
\used to treat urate stones, giving too much can result in xanthine stones- allopurinol
inhibits it's metabolism
Apomorphine triggers _____ and causes ____ in dogs -
\emesis, triggers CRTZ
What are the indications and side effects of azathioprine? -
\Used as an immunosuppressive drug
Side effects: pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, GI upset, bone marrow suppression
Thiopental/barbituates -
\anesthetic agent
causes increased rate of cardiac arrhythmias- ventricular bigeminy common in dogs,
apnea in cats
What kind of opiod is butorphanol -
\kappa agonist
mu antagonist-not good for pain!
Desmopressin acetate -
\Used in vWD and diabetes insipidus
Acts similar to vasopressin as an antidiuretic, increasing serum osmolality and
decreasing urine production
Increases factor VIII and plasminogen factors
Doxycyline -
\young puppies (tetracyclines)-delayed bone growth and teeth discoloration
Good for intracellular bacteria in mammalian cells, used in tick borne disease,
Mycoplasma
What are 3 effects of epinephrine? -
\vasoconstriction
Increased peripheral vascular resistance
bronchodilation
, Isoprosterenol -
\beta receptor agonist used for broncho constritction and arrhythmias such as complete
AV block, chronotrope and ionotrope
causes vasodilation, bronchodilation and increased venous return and CO
Ketamine side effects -
\Hypertension, increased heart rate, seizures in epileptic dogs
Ketoconazole side effects -
\Hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, potential teratogenic, labeled for Malasezzia
infection in dogs
Methocarbamol -
\muscle relaxant, helpful for treating tremors associated with toxic agents- pyrethrin
toxicity in cats
Nitroprusside -
\vasodilator-arterial and venous, for severe hypertension, acute cardiac failure or CHF
What is a contraindication for nitrous oxide use during surgery? -
\GI surgery, NO accumulates in closed spaces such as the intestines
Lidocaine (heart indications) -
\ventricular tachyarrhythmias
What antibiotic class is known to have good prostate penetration? -
\fluoroquinolones
PPA (phenylpropanolamine) -
\Used to treat urinary incontinence due to hypotonicity (urinary sphincter incontinence)
sympathomimetic
Pradofloxacin cannot be used in dogs why? -
\risk of bone marrow suppression
Diazepam use and side effect in cats -
\Used for appetite stimulant, can cause fulminant hepatic necrosis
Enalapril -
\ACE inhibitor that prevents conversion of ATI --> ATII, decreased aldosterone,
vasodilation and diuresis result
Furosemide uses -
\Hydrocephalus in kittens
Hypercalcemia
Acute kidney injury
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
1st gen cephalosporins are good for what infections/type of bacteria? -
\Skin infections, gram positive such as the bacteria that live on skin
Ex: cefalexin
Allopurinol -
\used to treat urate stones, giving too much can result in xanthine stones- allopurinol
inhibits it's metabolism
Apomorphine triggers _____ and causes ____ in dogs -
\emesis, triggers CRTZ
What are the indications and side effects of azathioprine? -
\Used as an immunosuppressive drug
Side effects: pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, GI upset, bone marrow suppression
Thiopental/barbituates -
\anesthetic agent
causes increased rate of cardiac arrhythmias- ventricular bigeminy common in dogs,
apnea in cats
What kind of opiod is butorphanol -
\kappa agonist
mu antagonist-not good for pain!
Desmopressin acetate -
\Used in vWD and diabetes insipidus
Acts similar to vasopressin as an antidiuretic, increasing serum osmolality and
decreasing urine production
Increases factor VIII and plasminogen factors
Doxycyline -
\young puppies (tetracyclines)-delayed bone growth and teeth discoloration
Good for intracellular bacteria in mammalian cells, used in tick borne disease,
Mycoplasma
What are 3 effects of epinephrine? -
\vasoconstriction
Increased peripheral vascular resistance
bronchodilation
, Isoprosterenol -
\beta receptor agonist used for broncho constritction and arrhythmias such as complete
AV block, chronotrope and ionotrope
causes vasodilation, bronchodilation and increased venous return and CO
Ketamine side effects -
\Hypertension, increased heart rate, seizures in epileptic dogs
Ketoconazole side effects -
\Hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, potential teratogenic, labeled for Malasezzia
infection in dogs
Methocarbamol -
\muscle relaxant, helpful for treating tremors associated with toxic agents- pyrethrin
toxicity in cats
Nitroprusside -
\vasodilator-arterial and venous, for severe hypertension, acute cardiac failure or CHF
What is a contraindication for nitrous oxide use during surgery? -
\GI surgery, NO accumulates in closed spaces such as the intestines
Lidocaine (heart indications) -
\ventricular tachyarrhythmias
What antibiotic class is known to have good prostate penetration? -
\fluoroquinolones
PPA (phenylpropanolamine) -
\Used to treat urinary incontinence due to hypotonicity (urinary sphincter incontinence)
sympathomimetic
Pradofloxacin cannot be used in dogs why? -
\risk of bone marrow suppression
Diazepam use and side effect in cats -
\Used for appetite stimulant, can cause fulminant hepatic necrosis
Enalapril -
\ACE inhibitor that prevents conversion of ATI --> ATII, decreased aldosterone,
vasodilation and diuresis result
Furosemide uses -
\Hydrocephalus in kittens
Hypercalcemia
Acute kidney injury
