NU 664 FNP Midterm Exam Questions and Answers 100% Already Graded A+ Excel

NU 664 FNP Midterm Exam Questions and Answers 100% Already Graded A+ Excel Cranial nerve i - CORRECT ANSWER-Olfactory (smell) Cranial nerve II - CORRECT ANSWER-Optic (visual acuity, gross visual fields, fundoscopic exam) Cranial nerve III - CORRECT ANSWER-Oculomotor (pupillary response, eye movement, upward and medial gaze) Cranial nerve IV - CORRECT ANSWER-Trochlear (eye movement downward and medial gaze) Cranial nerve V - CORRECT ANSWER-Trigeminal (teeth clenching, corneal reflex, respnsible for trigeminal neuralgia) Cranial nerve VI - CORRECT ANSWER-Abducens (lateral eye movement) Cranial nerve VII - CORRECT ANSWER-Facial (frown, smile, puff out cheeks, assess symmetry) Cranial nerve VIII - CORRECT ANSWER-Acoustic (Hearing and balance) (vestibular) Cranial nerve IX - CORRECT ANSWER-Glossopharyngeal (gag reflex) Cranial nerve X - CORRECT ANSWER-Vagus - swallowing and speaking, gag reflex Cranial nerve XI - CORRECT ANSWER-Spinal Accessory - controls trapezius & sternocleidomastoid & controls swallowing movements, shrug shoulder and turn head Cranial nerve XII - CORRECT ANSWER-Hypoglossal Articulation. And tongue movement Gross motor strength - CORRECT ANSWER-Upper and lower extremities, look for symmetry and strength Cerebella Function - CORRECT ANSWER-Romberg test, coordination, reflexes Subdural acute - CORRECT ANSWER-Less than 72 hours Subdural subacute - CORRECT ANSWER-3-20 days Subdural chronic - CORRECT ANSWER- 20 days Epidural hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER-Bleeding from the middle meninges arteries Basilar skull fracture - CORRECT ANSWER-Can cause leaking of CSF Pneumocephalus - CORRECT ANSWER-Air entry into the CSF filled space Battles sign - CORRECT ANSWER-Ecchymosis behind the ear/mastoid process (concern for basilar skull fracture and CSF leak) Raccoon eyes - CORRECT ANSWER-Periorbital ecchymosis associated with basilar skull fractures and orbital fractures (concern for CSF leak) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) - CORRECT ANSWER-Rapid Neuro Exam ~ measures Motor response 1-6, verbal response 1-5 and eye opening 1-4 What is a normal GCS - CORRECT ANSWER-15 What does a GCS of 7 mean - CORRECT ANSWER-Coma What does GCS of 3 mean - CORRECT ANSWER-Deep coma FOGS Mental status - CORRECT ANSWER-family story, orientation, general information, spelling Rapid neuro evaluation calculations - CORRECT ANSWER-Count backwards by 7 from 100, or repeat a 3 digit number Rapid Neuro evaluation recall - CORRECT ANSWER-Recall 2 objects Subarachnoid hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER-Extreme headaches and necks stiffness, comes from ruptured intracranial saccular (berry) aneurysms 80% of time Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux) - CORRECT ANSWER-Excruciating facial pain for 3 secs, can be disabling. More often in females and over 50. Caused by compression by a nearby artery and secondary demyelination of axons in the 5th Cranial nerve. The Trigeminal nerve has 3 branches~ opthalamic, maxillary, and madibular branch. Treat with carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. Can also use baclofen, Gabapentin or lamotrigine. Can use surgery but it will often return. Bell's palsy - CORRECT ANSWER-Caused by HSV most often. Loss of motor function to face, loss of taste in 2/3 of tongue, and sensation to EAC. Will have a sense of forehead wrinkles, wider pal-Reagan fissure, decrease corneal reflex, Bells phenomenon (eye turns upward when patient try's to close the eyelid), flattening of the nasolabial fold, Lacrimation May or may not be affected. Won't be able to close eye, whistle, or smile. Guillaine Barre Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER-Monophysite immune mediated polyradiculopathy that causes ascending paralysis. It is often post-infectious and associated with Campylobacter infection. Spinal fluid will reveal elevated protein without pleocytosis (presence of cells). Rx with IV gamma globulin Myasthenia gravis - CORRECT ANSWER-Autoimmune disorder that affects more women than men, peak age of 31-40 or men after 60. Causes fatigue and weakness. Eye movements and speech are commonly affected. Test for presence of autoantibodies against acetylcholine. Treat with IV IG, plasmapheresis, and anticholinesterace inhibitors. Check for thymoma as a thymectomy can be curative. Multiple sclerosis - CORRECT ANSWER-Demyelination disease that is debilitataing. Can be relapsing/remitting, primary progressive or secondary progressive. Most commonly diagnosed between 20-50. Demyelination leads to plaques. Patient will complain of weakness of legs and bladder,bowel. Optic neuritis can occur, transverse myelitis (spinal cord inflammation). Mainstay treatment are glucocorticoids, Alzheimer's disease - CORRECT ANSWER-Progressive neurodegenerative disorder and is the most common form of dementia (60-80%). Characterized by insidious onset, slow progression, and array of emotional and behavioral problems. Manifests as declines in memory and learning with at least one additional cognitive domain- language (aphasia), executive function, learned motor function (apraxia), visual spatial, and complex attention. Changes occur in the hippocampus, the amygdala, the temporal comple, the olfactory system and the inter cortical connections. Patient will have elevated levels of TAU. Functional Activities Questionnaire - CORRECT ANSWER-Information based measure of functional abilities that is completed by the family. Areas measured include ability to maintain financial record, shop for necessities, heat water and turn off stove, cooks. Healthy meal, knowledge about what is going on in the world. Arrange for transportation and remember medications and significant dates. Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCO) - CORRECT ANSWER-Cognitive test done by patient that asks the to follow instructions of matching linear concepts, draw a clock at a specific time, identify animals, spell. Word, recall and item, count backwards from serial 7s. Scored on a 30 point max and 25/30 indicates the presence of cognitive impairment, 22/30 is significant. Mini mental status exam (MMSE) - CORRECT ANSWER-Used to screen for cognitive impairment 30 point scale. Score less than 23 is significant. CAM (confusion assessment method tool) - CORRECT ANSWER-Tool that can be used by clinicians to integrate observations and identify delirium. Must have presence of features of 1 (acute onset and fluctuation course) and 2 (Inattention) and either 3 (disorganized thinking) or 4 (altered level of consciousness).