Statistic o is a
way to get information from data
.
is a tool fror creating new anderstanding
aset
from of number
" "
Typical Mark
Mxan :
average mark
Median : mark such thas above 58 % and 50 % below
Range : maximum - minimuon
Variance
Stan dard Deviation
Descriptive Statistics : deals with method of
organizing summarizing
, ,
and
pres enting data
in convenieat and in
a
formative way .
Mean ,
Madian : describe the locaxjon of the data
Range , Variance ,
Standard Deviation : measurethewan a bilityottae dat .
KEYSTATIS TICALCONCEPTS
Population : the groups of al) items of interest .
frequen tly very large , some times ingini 5e .
sample
:
of data
a set drawn
frommpopulatio .
poten tja lly very large ,
but less than popu lation
_
Variable : some characteristic of populatiorn or
sampre
The the the range riable
of possible
value variable values a wa
of
:
for
Data : The observed values of a wariable .
Interval Bata : real num bers, quantita tive I mu merical .
Nominal Data : ca tegorias , qu alita ti va / cat egorical .
Ordional Data appean
:
to be categ or ' cal
,
but thein values
hawe an orden : d ranking
.
, " "
Ogive is a
grapu of tatnive dis tribution
cuma
fre quency
Re lative Fre
quency
= ofobservations in a
clas
total # fobservations
o
Three steps create ogive :
calculate relate
frequen cias
.
Eal cul ate cumuca te rel atioe
2 .
fregaencies
YMERICAL
DESCRIPTIVE TECHNIQVES
.
MeasuresofCeos tral Location
mean , mode , Median
.
Measures of Variability
Raonge , wan ance , stan dard Daviation
Measures
of
Relarive Standing
parcan tiles , Quar tiles
MeasurasofLinear Ro lationship
Covaiance ,
Lor re lation
MEAN =
sam of the obs
ervatios
number observations
of
Populasion . M
sample :
어
Mean population 서
fon -
Mean π
for sample ∵
M
.
Popal ation Mean (u )
Sample Mean ( π) =
물장
MEDIAM : is calalated byp lacingall the observations in order :
the obseroation that in the mid le is median
falls .
MODE . is the wa twe that oc curr most
frequenly .
RANGE -
Largest observation -
smallest observation
way to get information from data
.
is a tool fror creating new anderstanding
aset
from of number
" "
Typical Mark
Mxan :
average mark
Median : mark such thas above 58 % and 50 % below
Range : maximum - minimuon
Variance
Stan dard Deviation
Descriptive Statistics : deals with method of
organizing summarizing
, ,
and
pres enting data
in convenieat and in
a
formative way .
Mean ,
Madian : describe the locaxjon of the data
Range , Variance ,
Standard Deviation : measurethewan a bilityottae dat .
KEYSTATIS TICALCONCEPTS
Population : the groups of al) items of interest .
frequen tly very large , some times ingini 5e .
sample
:
of data
a set drawn
frommpopulatio .
poten tja lly very large ,
but less than popu lation
_
Variable : some characteristic of populatiorn or
sampre
The the the range riable
of possible
value variable values a wa
of
:
for
Data : The observed values of a wariable .
Interval Bata : real num bers, quantita tive I mu merical .
Nominal Data : ca tegorias , qu alita ti va / cat egorical .
Ordional Data appean
:
to be categ or ' cal
,
but thein values
hawe an orden : d ranking
.
, " "
Ogive is a
grapu of tatnive dis tribution
cuma
fre quency
Re lative Fre
quency
= ofobservations in a
clas
total # fobservations
o
Three steps create ogive :
calculate relate
frequen cias
.
Eal cul ate cumuca te rel atioe
2 .
fregaencies
YMERICAL
DESCRIPTIVE TECHNIQVES
.
MeasuresofCeos tral Location
mean , mode , Median
.
Measures of Variability
Raonge , wan ance , stan dard Daviation
Measures
of
Relarive Standing
parcan tiles , Quar tiles
MeasurasofLinear Ro lationship
Covaiance ,
Lor re lation
MEAN =
sam of the obs
ervatios
number observations
of
Populasion . M
sample :
어
Mean population 서
fon -
Mean π
for sample ∵
M
.
Popal ation Mean (u )
Sample Mean ( π) =
물장
MEDIAM : is calalated byp lacingall the observations in order :
the obseroation that in the mid le is median
falls .
MODE . is the wa twe that oc curr most
frequenly .
RANGE -
Largest observation -
smallest observation
