ISA Certified Arborist Chapter 12 (Tree Assessment and Risk Management) Latest Updated Exam Q&A

ISA Certified Arborist Chapter 12 (Tree Assessment and Risk Management) Latest Updated Exam Q&A List the three components of risk assessment. - CORRECT ANSWER-potential for failure environment that may contribute to failure potential target By definition, if there is no _______, a tree cannot pose a risk. - CORRECT ANSWERtarget When performing a tree assessment, it is important to develop and stick to a _______ process. - CORRECT ANSWER-systematic For structural strength, branches should be _______ in diameter than their parent limbs or trunk. - CORRECT ANSWER-smaller _______ _______ fungi primarily decay the lignin within and between cell walls in the wood. - CORRECT ANSWER-white rot Codominant stems often have _______ ______ within the branch union, making them structurally less stable. - CORRECT ANSWER-included bark Trees that have grown in dense shade such as a forest tend to have long, straight stems with little _______. - CORRECT ANSWER-taper Trees often produce _______ _______, providing more stability to compensate for lean. - CORRECT ANSWER-reaction wood Brown rot fungi primarily decay the _______, leaving behind the stiff lignin and thereby reducing the bending strength of the tree. - CORRECT ANSWER-cellulose Decay located in the lower trunk and/or base of the tree is referred to as _______ _______. - CORRECT ANSWER-basal rot (butt rot) In recent years, a number of more advanced _______ _______ _______ have been developed to help arborists determine the presence and extent of decay inside trees. - CORRECT ANSWER-decay detection devices True/False - A tree may appear to be solid and structurally sound, and may have a thick, green canopy, yet can have significant decay inside. - CORRECT ANSWER-true List five indicators of decay in a tree. - CORRECT ANSWER-open wounds or cavities fruiting bodies: mushrooms, conks cracked or loosened bark certain insects birds, bees, other animals If decay is suspected at the root flare or in the major support roots, a root collar _______ may be necessary to ascertain the extent. - CORRECT ANSWER-excavation Sometimes there are management options short of tree removal to abate the risk of failure. _______ is the general term given to the process of reducing the risk potential. - CORRECT ANSWER-mitigation True/False - Current research indicates that filling cavities may do more harm than good because decay can develop in the