MSN 611 Questions and answers latest
update
Where are H4 receptors located?
predominantly found on eosinophils, neutrophils, and T cells.
In the stomach, histamine is released by:
enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells
Toxic effect of first-generation antihistamines
cardiac arrhythmias
Anaphylaxis and Antihistamine
Steroids may be added as adjunct therapy
Central nervous system side effect of antihistamines that elderly patients should be aware of
fatigue
Indication of H2 antihistamines used
used to inhibit the secretion of gastric acid in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders
Which of the following is a second-generation antihistamine that cannot be removed by
hemodialysis?
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Initial selection of antimicrobial therapy is:
Initial selection of antimicrobial therapy is typically empiric, meaning before the causative pathogen
has been identified
Food-drug or drug-drug interactions with antibacterial medications are usually addressed by:
This interaction is usually addressed by separating the administration times or avoiding the
combination
Multiple drug combination treatment for tuberculosis
It has decreased risk of resistance
Know about description of IFN-B
FN-β products have antiviral properties but are used for multiple sclerosis, not infections
Side effect of first-generation antihistamines related to their anticholinergic activity?
dry mouth, dry eyes, urinary retention, constipation, and cognitive disturbances. Anticholinergic side
effects can be further exacerbated by other anticholinergic medications, such as tricyclic
antidepressants (TCAs). Because monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can also exacerbate
anticholinergic side effects, first-generation antihistamines should not be used during treatment or
within 2 weeks of MAOI discontinuation
, How is enterobiasis diagnosed?
Pinworm can be diagnosed by perianal swab using adhesive tape that is examined microscopically for
eggs
Know tuberculosis treatment.
Directly observed therapy (DOT) is a strategy to ensure adherence to the drug regimen and is an
especially critical element to regimens with any frequency less than daily dosing.
Because these agents are highly susceptible to drug-drug interactions, any exaggerated side effects or
inadequate therapeutic responses when using isoniazid and rifamin should be considered in light of
potential drug interactions with other medications the patient is taking concurrently.
According to the universal prescribing alerts for aminoglycosides, extended use increases risk for
infection by which of the following pathogens?
Can cause C. difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis with extended use
Systemic chemotherapy that is given prior to surgery or radiation serves to:
The use of systemic treatment to eliminate micrometastatic disease after surgery or radiation is called
adjuvant therapy. When it is administered, the goal is to prevent recurrence of the cancer and
improve survival. Systemic therapy can also be given prior to surgery or radiation; in this case, it is
called neoadjuvant therapy. The purpose of neoadjuvant therapy is to reduce the tumor burden and
to increase the effectiveness of the local treatment.
How is tumor lysis syndrome managed in leukemia patients?
IV hydration
Acrolein is a toxic metabolite of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide that can cause:
hemorrhagic cystitis
Which category of antineoplastic drugs offers an alternative when traditional treatments fail?
Immunosupressant antineoplastic agents
Topoisomerase inhibitors target enzymes that control changes in DNA
structure
Which method is used to administer dactinomycin?
only by the intravenous route
FDA-approved indication for methotrexate?
Meningeal leukemia
Trophoblastic neoplasms
Breast cancer
Folate antimetabolites are eliminated primarily through the:
kidneys
update
Where are H4 receptors located?
predominantly found on eosinophils, neutrophils, and T cells.
In the stomach, histamine is released by:
enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells
Toxic effect of first-generation antihistamines
cardiac arrhythmias
Anaphylaxis and Antihistamine
Steroids may be added as adjunct therapy
Central nervous system side effect of antihistamines that elderly patients should be aware of
fatigue
Indication of H2 antihistamines used
used to inhibit the secretion of gastric acid in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders
Which of the following is a second-generation antihistamine that cannot be removed by
hemodialysis?
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Initial selection of antimicrobial therapy is:
Initial selection of antimicrobial therapy is typically empiric, meaning before the causative pathogen
has been identified
Food-drug or drug-drug interactions with antibacterial medications are usually addressed by:
This interaction is usually addressed by separating the administration times or avoiding the
combination
Multiple drug combination treatment for tuberculosis
It has decreased risk of resistance
Know about description of IFN-B
FN-β products have antiviral properties but are used for multiple sclerosis, not infections
Side effect of first-generation antihistamines related to their anticholinergic activity?
dry mouth, dry eyes, urinary retention, constipation, and cognitive disturbances. Anticholinergic side
effects can be further exacerbated by other anticholinergic medications, such as tricyclic
antidepressants (TCAs). Because monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can also exacerbate
anticholinergic side effects, first-generation antihistamines should not be used during treatment or
within 2 weeks of MAOI discontinuation
, How is enterobiasis diagnosed?
Pinworm can be diagnosed by perianal swab using adhesive tape that is examined microscopically for
eggs
Know tuberculosis treatment.
Directly observed therapy (DOT) is a strategy to ensure adherence to the drug regimen and is an
especially critical element to regimens with any frequency less than daily dosing.
Because these agents are highly susceptible to drug-drug interactions, any exaggerated side effects or
inadequate therapeutic responses when using isoniazid and rifamin should be considered in light of
potential drug interactions with other medications the patient is taking concurrently.
According to the universal prescribing alerts for aminoglycosides, extended use increases risk for
infection by which of the following pathogens?
Can cause C. difficile-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis with extended use
Systemic chemotherapy that is given prior to surgery or radiation serves to:
The use of systemic treatment to eliminate micrometastatic disease after surgery or radiation is called
adjuvant therapy. When it is administered, the goal is to prevent recurrence of the cancer and
improve survival. Systemic therapy can also be given prior to surgery or radiation; in this case, it is
called neoadjuvant therapy. The purpose of neoadjuvant therapy is to reduce the tumor burden and
to increase the effectiveness of the local treatment.
How is tumor lysis syndrome managed in leukemia patients?
IV hydration
Acrolein is a toxic metabolite of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide that can cause:
hemorrhagic cystitis
Which category of antineoplastic drugs offers an alternative when traditional treatments fail?
Immunosupressant antineoplastic agents
Topoisomerase inhibitors target enzymes that control changes in DNA
structure
Which method is used to administer dactinomycin?
only by the intravenous route
FDA-approved indication for methotrexate?
Meningeal leukemia
Trophoblastic neoplasms
Breast cancer
Folate antimetabolites are eliminated primarily through the:
kidneys
