Bio 255 Exam 1 Exam Verified Answers
2024
Components of whole blood
~Erythrocytes-RBS
~Leukocytes-WBC
~Plasma
Plasma is made of?
Water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, nitrogenous wastes, hormones and gases
Components of form elements
~RBC
~Platelets
~WBC-granulocytes and agranulocytes
Ganulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Agranulocytes
lymphocytes and monocytes
Neutrophils
Bacterial infections (multi-labed nucleus)
Basophils
Chicken poxs, sinusitis, diabetes (allergic reactions) (bi-labed nucleus)
Eosinophils
parasitic infection, allergies (multi-labed nucleus)
lymphocytes
diverse infection and immune response (large round nucleus)
Monocytes
viral infections and inflammation (bean shaped nucleus)
Lymphoid stem cell
~ T lymphocytes
~B lymphocytes
: plasma cells
~Natural Killer (NK) Cell
Myeloid stem cell
~red blood cells
, ~platelets
~mast cells
~eosinophils
~basophils
~neutrophils
~monocytes
: Macrophages
Hemoglobin
~protein that carries O2 in blood,
~Iron allows binding of O2
~ heme carries 4 O2
What cell type are RBC broken down by?
Macrophages
What is first broken down in RBC?
Heme and Globin
Steps of RBC break down
1. cells are broken down by macrophages
2.Heme and globin separate
3. globin is made into an amino acid
4. Iron is taken from heme, attaches to transferrin and delivered to liver
5. iron then detaches and reattached to ferritin and stored
6. When needed the iron is pushed back into the blood stream where it is used for formation of new
RBCs
7. Heme is converted into bilirubin and transported to liver
8. by the liver heme is released into bile moving from small to large intestine
9. this then becomes urobilinogen then is released in urine and feces
Production of RBCs is called?
Erythropoiesis
What hormone from the kidneys is required for erythropoiesis?
erythropoietin (this hormone increases when oxygen drops)
When WBCs leave the blood stream to sites of invasion is called?
emigration ( most commonly conducted by neutrophils)
What do high levels of white blood cells indicate?
body is fending off pathogens and infectious microorganisms
Platelets come from what what cell?
megakaryocyte
Platelet functions
2024
Components of whole blood
~Erythrocytes-RBS
~Leukocytes-WBC
~Plasma
Plasma is made of?
Water, proteins, nutrients, electrolytes, nitrogenous wastes, hormones and gases
Components of form elements
~RBC
~Platelets
~WBC-granulocytes and agranulocytes
Ganulocytes
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Agranulocytes
lymphocytes and monocytes
Neutrophils
Bacterial infections (multi-labed nucleus)
Basophils
Chicken poxs, sinusitis, diabetes (allergic reactions) (bi-labed nucleus)
Eosinophils
parasitic infection, allergies (multi-labed nucleus)
lymphocytes
diverse infection and immune response (large round nucleus)
Monocytes
viral infections and inflammation (bean shaped nucleus)
Lymphoid stem cell
~ T lymphocytes
~B lymphocytes
: plasma cells
~Natural Killer (NK) Cell
Myeloid stem cell
~red blood cells
, ~platelets
~mast cells
~eosinophils
~basophils
~neutrophils
~monocytes
: Macrophages
Hemoglobin
~protein that carries O2 in blood,
~Iron allows binding of O2
~ heme carries 4 O2
What cell type are RBC broken down by?
Macrophages
What is first broken down in RBC?
Heme and Globin
Steps of RBC break down
1. cells are broken down by macrophages
2.Heme and globin separate
3. globin is made into an amino acid
4. Iron is taken from heme, attaches to transferrin and delivered to liver
5. iron then detaches and reattached to ferritin and stored
6. When needed the iron is pushed back into the blood stream where it is used for formation of new
RBCs
7. Heme is converted into bilirubin and transported to liver
8. by the liver heme is released into bile moving from small to large intestine
9. this then becomes urobilinogen then is released in urine and feces
Production of RBCs is called?
Erythropoiesis
What hormone from the kidneys is required for erythropoiesis?
erythropoietin (this hormone increases when oxygen drops)
When WBCs leave the blood stream to sites of invasion is called?
emigration ( most commonly conducted by neutrophils)
What do high levels of white blood cells indicate?
body is fending off pathogens and infectious microorganisms
Platelets come from what what cell?
megakaryocyte
Platelet functions
