PRAXIS II FUNDAMENTAL SUBJECTS CONTENT KNOWLEDGE-
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
Initial
Construction stage, reader has contact with content, structure, genre, and the language of the text,
using prior knowledge to build an understanding of the elements
Developing
Extending stage, reading delves into the text, using background knowledge to build an understanding
of the literary piece with new information being absorbed and used to ask questions
Reflection/response
Extension of reading stage, reader uses text knowledge to connect to personal knowledge of the
readers life, the lives of others, and the human condition
Critical Analysis
Examining stage, reader reflects and reacts to the literary work by judging, evaluating, and relating to
the literature
Autobiography
About an authors own personal life
Biography
About someone's life written by another person
Epic
A narrative poem about historical or legendary characters
Fantasy
A story with imaginary setting, plot, or characters, some of whom may have special powers
Folktales
Stories passed down from generation to generation that include fables, myths, legends, folktales, and
tall tales
Historical fiction
Although it might be altered to some extent, the setting, time, event, and characters are based on
history and facts
Mystery
Tales that relate to the unknown as revealed through human or worldly dilemmas or situations that
include horror, fantasy, crime-solving, secret events, and the supernatural
Play
A story written for the purpose of performance
,Poetry
A story written in certain form or rhyme and rhythm with imagery
Realistic fiction
A theme or plot that could happen in life
Science fiction
Focused on a mix of reality and the imaginary
Theme/Purpose
The main idea or the fundamental meaning or a literary work that can be either plainly stated or
implied
Allegory
A narrative in which the character and events represents an idea or truth about life in general
Autobiography
A narrative in which the author writes about his/ her own life
Biography
A narrative in which an author writes about another persons life
Comedy
A genre of literature in which life is dealt with in a humorous manner, often poking fun at peoples
mistakes
Drama
A play that uses dialogue to present it's message to the audience and is meant to be preformed
Essay
A nonfiction piece that is often short and used to express the writers opinions about a topic or to
share information on a subject
Fable
A short story, often with animals as the main characters, that teaches a moral or lesson to the reader
Fantasy
A genre of literature in which the story is set in an imaginary world, involving magic or adventure, in
which the characters often have supernatural powers
Folktale
A story that has been passed down orally from one generation to another; the character usually
follow the extreme (all good or all bad) and in the end are rewarded or punished as they deserve
, Myth
A story that was created to explain some natural force of nature, religious belief, or social
phenomenon
Novel
A fictional narrative of book length in which characters and plot are developed in a somewhat realistic
manner
Parable
A simple short story that is used to explain a belief, a moral, or spiritual lesson
Poetry
A literary work that uses colorful, concise, rhythmic language and focused on the expression of ideas
or emotions
Prose
A literary work that is in ordinary form and uses the familiar structure of spoken language, sentence
after sentence
Realism
A writing in which the reality of life is shown
Science fiction
A genera of literature in which real or imaginary scientific developments and concepts are prevalent
and is often set in the future
Short story
A narrative that can be read in one sitting. Has a few characters and often go through some sort of
change by the end of the story
Tall tale
A humorous and exaggerated story often based upon the life of a real person. The exaggerations
increase and build until the character can achieve impossible tasks
Tragedy
A genre of literature in which there is a downfall of the hero due to a tragic flaw or personal
characteristic; often ends with an unhappy ending
Literary elements
the specific and recognizable characteristics of the text or literary work. Every literary form includes a
theme, a setting, a conflict, a point of view, and characters. Students must be able to determine these
elements and analyze their importance to the author's intent and purpose. Some of these elements
are explained here, and others are found in separate sections
Pace
ENGLISH LANGUAGE ARTS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
Initial
Construction stage, reader has contact with content, structure, genre, and the language of the text,
using prior knowledge to build an understanding of the elements
Developing
Extending stage, reading delves into the text, using background knowledge to build an understanding
of the literary piece with new information being absorbed and used to ask questions
Reflection/response
Extension of reading stage, reader uses text knowledge to connect to personal knowledge of the
readers life, the lives of others, and the human condition
Critical Analysis
Examining stage, reader reflects and reacts to the literary work by judging, evaluating, and relating to
the literature
Autobiography
About an authors own personal life
Biography
About someone's life written by another person
Epic
A narrative poem about historical or legendary characters
Fantasy
A story with imaginary setting, plot, or characters, some of whom may have special powers
Folktales
Stories passed down from generation to generation that include fables, myths, legends, folktales, and
tall tales
Historical fiction
Although it might be altered to some extent, the setting, time, event, and characters are based on
history and facts
Mystery
Tales that relate to the unknown as revealed through human or worldly dilemmas or situations that
include horror, fantasy, crime-solving, secret events, and the supernatural
Play
A story written for the purpose of performance
,Poetry
A story written in certain form or rhyme and rhythm with imagery
Realistic fiction
A theme or plot that could happen in life
Science fiction
Focused on a mix of reality and the imaginary
Theme/Purpose
The main idea or the fundamental meaning or a literary work that can be either plainly stated or
implied
Allegory
A narrative in which the character and events represents an idea or truth about life in general
Autobiography
A narrative in which the author writes about his/ her own life
Biography
A narrative in which an author writes about another persons life
Comedy
A genre of literature in which life is dealt with in a humorous manner, often poking fun at peoples
mistakes
Drama
A play that uses dialogue to present it's message to the audience and is meant to be preformed
Essay
A nonfiction piece that is often short and used to express the writers opinions about a topic or to
share information on a subject
Fable
A short story, often with animals as the main characters, that teaches a moral or lesson to the reader
Fantasy
A genre of literature in which the story is set in an imaginary world, involving magic or adventure, in
which the characters often have supernatural powers
Folktale
A story that has been passed down orally from one generation to another; the character usually
follow the extreme (all good or all bad) and in the end are rewarded or punished as they deserve
, Myth
A story that was created to explain some natural force of nature, religious belief, or social
phenomenon
Novel
A fictional narrative of book length in which characters and plot are developed in a somewhat realistic
manner
Parable
A simple short story that is used to explain a belief, a moral, or spiritual lesson
Poetry
A literary work that uses colorful, concise, rhythmic language and focused on the expression of ideas
or emotions
Prose
A literary work that is in ordinary form and uses the familiar structure of spoken language, sentence
after sentence
Realism
A writing in which the reality of life is shown
Science fiction
A genera of literature in which real or imaginary scientific developments and concepts are prevalent
and is often set in the future
Short story
A narrative that can be read in one sitting. Has a few characters and often go through some sort of
change by the end of the story
Tall tale
A humorous and exaggerated story often based upon the life of a real person. The exaggerations
increase and build until the character can achieve impossible tasks
Tragedy
A genre of literature in which there is a downfall of the hero due to a tragic flaw or personal
characteristic; often ends with an unhappy ending
Literary elements
the specific and recognizable characteristics of the text or literary work. Every literary form includes a
theme, a setting, a conflict, a point of view, and characters. Students must be able to determine these
elements and analyze their importance to the author's intent and purpose. Some of these elements
are explained here, and others are found in separate sections
Pace
