INTERNET PROGRAMMING

Web Application server programming
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Content

1. Introduction to Scripting languages ……………………………………………………. 5
o What is PHP?
o PHP Capabilities
o PHP Prerequisite / Requirements
o PHP Installing and setting up local host
PHP Syntax
o Attaching PHP code HTML
o Saving and running PHP page
o PHP statements – Echo Statement
o Comments
2. PHP Variables …………………………………………………………………………..16
o Declaring Variables
o Initializing Variables
o Using variable in Statements
o Variable scopes
PHP String
o Creating string
o Echo Strings
o Concatenating Strings
3. PHP Control structures ……………………………………………………………….. 20
o Selection
ƒ PHP If...Else
ƒ PHP Switch
o Loop/Iteration
ƒ PHP While Loops
ƒ PHP For Loop
ƒ Do While loop
4. Using PHP with HTML Forms ………………………………………………………...37
o Use of Forms
o Creating Forms
o Receiving values through forms

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o Use of $_GET and $_POST
5. PHP Functions ………………………………………………………………………….41
o Defining Function
o Arguments
o Calling function
o Return statement
o Multiple Functions

6. PHP Arrays……………………………………………………………………………….48
o Definition
o Features of Array
o Methods of Creating arrays
o Array Index
o Storing Array Element
o Processing Array
7. PHP and MySql Database programming ……...………………………………………51
o Introduction
o Creating database
o Creating Tables
o Connecting to the Database Server
o Selecting a Database
o Adding Data to a Table using INSERT
o Query Tables using SELECT
o Edit Records
o Deleting Records
8. Web Programming project ……………………………………………………………….61




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INTRODUCTION TO SCRIPTING LANGUAGES
• Web scripting languages are a form of high-level programming language.
• High-level programming languages are much closer to human language than machine
language, through which computer hardware accepts commands
• . High-level programming languages, like C and C++, rely on programs called
compilers or interpreters so they can be converted to machine language (mainly zeroes
and ones).
• Programs written in scripting languages, called scripts, are not compiled ahead of time
for specific computer systems like many high-level languages.
• Instead, the plain text that constitutes a script gets interpreted into computer commands
while a program runs.
• Scripts are used to add interactivity to otherwise static Web pages.
• They also can perform repetitive tasks like automatically filling out parts of Web-based
forms, among other uses.
• Scripting languages normally are interpreted by Web browsers like Microsoft Internet
Explorer or Netscape Navigator.
• Web browsers interpret scripts along with Hypertext Markup language (HTML), the
language in which Web pages are written. This can be done in one of two ways.
o In one scenario, programs written in scripting languages can run directly from a
server.
o Otherwise, a script can be included with or directly in an HTML Web page that
someone downloads to a computer. In either case, the Web browser is used to
access the program.
• In server-based situations, the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) allows users (clients)
to run programs located on Web servers.
• CGI scripts are small programs written in a variety of different programming
languages (including C, C++, and Perl) that run in real-time, which makes them ideal
for such things as stock tickers, weather reports, or query results from a database that
appear in the form of a Web page. In the 2000s, other methods—like Java servlets (Java
programs that reside on Web servers) and Microsoft's Active Server Pages—began to
replace CGI scripts.
• JavaScript and Microsoft's Visual Basic Scripting Edition (VBScript) were two popular
types of scripting languages in the early 2000s.

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• JavaScript was created by Sun Microsystems and Netscape.
• It is based on the Java programming language, but was developed independently.
JavaScript has the ability to interact with HTML code, enabling developers to create
more interactive, appealing Web sites without having to learn a complicated
programming language.
• JavaScript is used in Web browsers from both Nets-cape and Microsoft (Microsoft
used its own version called Jscript).
• The language can be used for both client and server-based programs. Similar in many
regards to JavaScript, Microsoft's Visual Basic Scripting Edition is based on the
company's Visual Basic programming language. Among the benefits of Visual Basic
Scripting Edition are its portability and speed. Not only is the language used by Web
browsers, it also is used for other kinds of applications.


Classifications of Scripting languages:
• Client side scripting languages – execute in client side (web page)


• Server side scripting languages – Executive on server side – PHP, ASP, JSP,
Python


What is PHP?

• PHP stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor
• PHP is a server-side scripting language, like ASP
• PHP scripts are executed on the server
• PHP supports many databases (MySQL, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Solid, PostgreSQL,
Generic ODBC, etc.)
• PHP is an open source software
• PHP is free to download and use


What is a PHP File?

• PHP files can contain text, HTML tags and scripts
• PHP files are returned to the browser as plain HTML


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