HESI A2 entrance exam ACTUAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS Dorsal - posterior Ventral - anterior

HESI A2 entrance exam ACTUAL EXAM WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS Dorsal - posterior Ventral - anterior Dorsal cavity - cranial and spinal cavities Ventral cavity - thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities Epithelial tissue - cover, line, and protect the body and its cavities Simple Squamous Epithelium - allow material to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important and secretes lubricating substances (like in kidneys) Simple Cuboidal Epithelium - secretion and absorption Simple Columnar Epithelium and Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium - secretion or absorption Stratified Squamous Epithelium - secretion Connective tissue - framework of the body, providing support and structure for organs (e.g., skin) Nerve tissue - composed of neurons and connective tissue cells called neuroglia Muscle tissue - cells have ability to contract and shorten; voluntary (skeletal) and involuntary (smooth and cardiac) Proteins - include enzymes that regulate all chemical reactions within the body Integumentary System - Protection, water retention, thermoregulation, vitamin D synthesis, cutaneous sensation, and nonverbal communication Skin - aids in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels by participating in the production of Vitamin D; largest organ in the human body How many layers does the skin consist of? - 2 (epidermis laying on dermis) Layers of Epidermis (outer to inner) - stratum corneum, stratum lucidum (absent in thin skin), stratum granulosum, and innermost stratum germinativum (includes stratum spinosum and stratum basale) Dermis - composed of fibrous connective tissue with blood vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands Cutaneous membrane - skin; consists of epidermis and dermis, a dry membrane Mucous membrane - line all body cavities that open to the outside of the body, wet membranes; lamina propria Serous membranes - moist membranes found in closed ventral body cavities; consists of a simple squamous epithelium resting on a thin layer of loose connective (areolar) tissue Synovial membranes - found between joint capsule and joint cavity of synovial joints 3 types of glands - sudoriferous, ceruminous, and sebaceous