PCCN Practice Test 15 Questions and Answers

A nurse in the emergency department assesses a patient with a hand laceration and notices that the patient smells strongly of alcohol. The patient is diabetic, irritable, and pale and reports headache. The nurse is waiting for laboratory results. What serum glucose level might the nurse expect to find? a. 50 to 60 mg/dL b. 50 mg/dL c. 1000 mg/dL d. 80 to 110 mg/dL - b. 50mg/dL Following a chest infection, a patient with type 1 diabetes reports fatigue and nausea. Assessment reveals a blood glucose level of 450 mg/dL. Which of the following pharmacologic interventions are priorities for patient care? a. Administer intravenous (IV) fluids at the prescribed rate to correct sodium levels. b. Administer intravenous (IV) fluids based on corrected sodium levels. c. Administer prescribed insulin via IV bolus, then continuous drip. d. "Administer intravenous (IV) fluids based on corrected sodium levels" and "Administer prescribed insulin via IV bolus, then continuous drip". - d. "Administer intravenous (IV) fluids based on corrected sodium levels" and "Administer prescribed insulin via IV bolus, then continuous drip". Which of the following are possible complications from diabetic ketoacidosis? a. Hyponitremia b. Metabolic acidosis c. Hyperkalemia d. Metabolic alkalosis - b. Metabolic acidosis MA- caused by ketosis resulting from insulin deficiency and stress hormone excess. Hyperkalemia is caused by higher than normal levels of potassium, usually through impaired renal function. Hyponatremia is a low level of nitrogen in the blood associated with protein malnutrition or overhydration. Metabolic alkalosis is an acid-base imbalance, like metabolic acidosis, but is caused by an increase in serum bicarbonate (HCO3) concentration. An unconscious patient with hypoglycemia is being treated with IV glucose (50 mL of 50% dextrose IV bolus) to correct serum glucose levels of 40 mg/dL. Which of the following is a possible complication of administering hypertonic dextrose? a. Myocardial infarction b. Cardiac arrest c. Hypokalemia d. Phlebitis - c. phlebitis