Reviewed Fundamentals of Nursing 2024

Socialization - a process that involves learning theory and skills and internalizing an identity appropriate to a specific role. (pg 6) Five levels of proficiency when acquiring and developing nursing skills - Novice, Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, and Expert. Differences in each level reflect changes in three areas of skill performance. In the first area, the nurse moves from relying on abstract principles to using concrete experiences. The second area involves a change from seeing situations in parts to seeing them more conceptually, or as a whole. Finally, in the third area, the nurse is no longer outside the situation observing but is directly involved. This process takes 5 to 10 years after graduation. Florence Nightingale's Definition of Nursing - "the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his recovery." ANA's definition of Nursing - "Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations." Common Themes in Nursing - Holism, caring, teaching, advocacy, and supporting, promoting, maintaining, and restoring health are all components of nursing practice. Nursing care involves creativity, sensitivity, and applications based on scientific rationales. All of these components are essential to the practice, but nurses should not limit themselves to these themes. Practical Nursing Programs - 1 year programs that prepare candidates to perform technical skills under the supervision of registered nurses (RNs). Students successfully completing the program requirements may sit for the licensure examination given by the state board of nursing to become a licensed practical nurse (LPN) or licensed vocational nurse. LPNs differ from RNs in two areas: educational preparation and scope of practice. Associate Degree Nursing (ADN) Program - Initially developed in the 1950s in response to a nursing shortage. Students pursuing this degree attend a community or junior college for 2 years or more, receiving college credit for all courses and clinical experiences in nursing. As providers of nursing care, ADNs use the nursing process to formulate and maintain individualized patient plans of care. They also teach patients who need information or suport to maintain health. Nurse Practitioner **** - A nurse with advanced education who has graduated from an NP program. NPs function with more independence and autonomy than other nurses and are highly skilled at doing nursing assessments, performing physical examinations, counseling, teaching, and treating health problems. Clinical Nurse Specialist **** - Has advanced experience and expertise in a specialized area of practice such as gerontology, pediatrics, critical care, or pulmonary disease. Works in various