UNDERSTANDING THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF NATION-STATES
One of the absolute elements that form a state is the people or nation. Here the nation or
people are only part of the categorization of the human community. Apart from nations,
human categorization has also given rise to various human groups. For example, in terms of
customs and language, it is known as various Javanese, Arab, Malay and Malanesian ethnic
groups. If nation is questioned further, two other concepts emerge on the surface, namely
ethnicity and race. Ethnicity is a grouping of people based on experience, biological physical
characteristics, such as skin color, face shape, hair shape and stature. An ethnic group can have
more than one country, such as the Arab ethnic group which is grouped into more than ten
Arab countries. Likewise, a race does not only consist of one country because reality shows
that there is not a single race in the world that has only one country. On the other hand, a
country may not consist of several nations and races, such as Indonesia and America.
A. Understanding Nation and State
1. Nation
The nation is only one part of the grouping categories from a political point of view.
Currently, the nation in state science is no longer limited as a group of people
bound by state ties or under one government, in other words, it is not an
organization or institution of power that is the standard for a nation, but rather the
nation is the measure for determining an organization. or institutions of power. In
the Treaty of Versailles, it was agreed and confirmed by many countries that a
country must fulfill nationality, that is, the country must fulfill the principle of
nationality, namely that the state must be based on the nation and the state must
, be a nation organized into an organization/state. Meanwhile, the definition of
nation according to experts is as follows:
a. Ernest Renan (1823-1892), a nation is "one soul attached to a group of
people who feel themselves united because they have had the same fate
and suffering in the past and have the same ideals about the future".
b. Rothenbucher, a nation is "a group of people who have the feeling of
belonging to the same group".
c. Kranenburg, a nation is "every individual member of society in general is
aware of the desire to organize independently, is aware of feelings of unity,
and is aware of his objections to living together with other groups in one
organization or state".
This view emphasizes that a nation is first united by things that are ideal, namely
equality of fate and ideals, then things that are more psychological, namely
feelings, consciousness and will, not by things that are physical, such as race,
religion, ethnicity, language and customs. Apart from the definition above, a nation
can be interpreted as part of a nationality. Abbe Siyyese expressed several
thoughts about the nation or nationality, namely:
a. Humanity is naturally divided into nations.
b. A nation is more than a political union. A nation is a community of social
and economic units.
c. Membership in a nation implies more than the pursuit of personal
interests. Membership in a nation not only involves rights, but also the
One of the absolute elements that form a state is the people or nation. Here the nation or
people are only part of the categorization of the human community. Apart from nations,
human categorization has also given rise to various human groups. For example, in terms of
customs and language, it is known as various Javanese, Arab, Malay and Malanesian ethnic
groups. If nation is questioned further, two other concepts emerge on the surface, namely
ethnicity and race. Ethnicity is a grouping of people based on experience, biological physical
characteristics, such as skin color, face shape, hair shape and stature. An ethnic group can have
more than one country, such as the Arab ethnic group which is grouped into more than ten
Arab countries. Likewise, a race does not only consist of one country because reality shows
that there is not a single race in the world that has only one country. On the other hand, a
country may not consist of several nations and races, such as Indonesia and America.
A. Understanding Nation and State
1. Nation
The nation is only one part of the grouping categories from a political point of view.
Currently, the nation in state science is no longer limited as a group of people
bound by state ties or under one government, in other words, it is not an
organization or institution of power that is the standard for a nation, but rather the
nation is the measure for determining an organization. or institutions of power. In
the Treaty of Versailles, it was agreed and confirmed by many countries that a
country must fulfill nationality, that is, the country must fulfill the principle of
nationality, namely that the state must be based on the nation and the state must
, be a nation organized into an organization/state. Meanwhile, the definition of
nation according to experts is as follows:
a. Ernest Renan (1823-1892), a nation is "one soul attached to a group of
people who feel themselves united because they have had the same fate
and suffering in the past and have the same ideals about the future".
b. Rothenbucher, a nation is "a group of people who have the feeling of
belonging to the same group".
c. Kranenburg, a nation is "every individual member of society in general is
aware of the desire to organize independently, is aware of feelings of unity,
and is aware of his objections to living together with other groups in one
organization or state".
This view emphasizes that a nation is first united by things that are ideal, namely
equality of fate and ideals, then things that are more psychological, namely
feelings, consciousness and will, not by things that are physical, such as race,
religion, ethnicity, language and customs. Apart from the definition above, a nation
can be interpreted as part of a nationality. Abbe Siyyese expressed several
thoughts about the nation or nationality, namely:
a. Humanity is naturally divided into nations.
b. A nation is more than a political union. A nation is a community of social
and economic units.
c. Membership in a nation implies more than the pursuit of personal
interests. Membership in a nation not only involves rights, but also the
