APEA|| 220 Questions|| Correct 100%

Explain fibrocystic breasts and the treatment plan, when is a referral indicated? - ANSWER o Common to begin in women aged 30 o Breast tissue becomes engorged and painful up to 2 weeks before their menses (luteal phase) and are at their worst right before menses o Tenderness & lumps disappear after menstruation begins o Lumps should still be mobile and rubbery to touch o Treatment: stop caffeine intake, take Vitamin E & evening primrose daily o Wear bras with good support, referral indicated if the mass is dominant, skin changes or fixed massq Explain PCOS - what does it stand for? What are s/s? treatment plan? - ANSWER Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) o Hormonal abnormality characterized by anovulation, infertility, excessive androgen production and insulin resistance o Higher risk for diabetes type 2, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, endometrial hyperplasia, obesity, and OSA o Hirsutism 70% in cases, bad acne, amenorrhea, and infrequent periods o Diagnostic testing: o Transvaginal US: enlarged ovaries w/ multiple follicles o Testosterone, DHEA, and androstenedione are high o FSH is normal or low o Treatment: o Low dose birth control pills will suppress ovaries o Spironolactone will decrease & control hirsutism o If pt denies birth control pills can use medroxyprogesterone (Provera) 5-10 mg for 10-14 days repeat q 1-2 months to induce menses