BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Chemistry (2024/2025 Graded)

BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Chemistry (2024/2025 Graded) How many electrons can a d subshell hold? correct answer10 Which subshells are available in the first energy level? correct answers Which subshells are available in the second energy level? correct answers and p Which subshells are available in the third energy level? correct answers, p and d What is Hund's rule? correct answerOrbitals must all be singly filled before they can be doubly occupied Which elements do not fill the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? correct answerCopper and chromium Define the term ionic bond correct answerThe electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions What is the charge of an ion from group 1? correct answer+1 What is the charge of an ion from group 2? correct answer+2 BTEC Applied Science Unit 1 Chemistry What is the charge of an ion from group 6? correct answer-2 What is the charge of an ion from group 7? correct answer-1 Explain how atoms of sodium react with atoms of chlorine correct answerNa loses its 2s1 electron gaining a +ve charge. Cl gains an electron in the 3p subshell gaining a -ve charge. The opposite charges attract to form NaCl Why do ionic bonds have such high melting points? correct answerEach +ve ion is surrounded by 6 -ve ions and vice versa. Strong electrostatic attraction in every direction. Requires a large amount of energy to break State two factors that affect the strength of an ionic bond correct answerSize of ion and charge on ion When can ionic substances conduct electricity? correct answerWhen molten or in aqueous solution Describe the properties of ionic compounds correct answerConduct electricity when molten or aqueous solution High melting/boiling points Usually soluble in water Define the term covalent bond correct answerA shared pair of electrons Which metals lose electrons from the 4s subshell before the 3d subshell? correct answerTransition metals Why do metals have such high melting points? correct answerStrong force of attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons. This requires a large amount of energy to overcome.