NCIDQ IDFX COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2024 GRADED A.

NCIDQ IDFX COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2024 GRADED A. Design Theory - ANSWER A way to direct design based on a system of beliefs or philosophy. Theory - ANSWER The most fundamental beginning of design. Design History - ANSWER A valuable contribution to design theory by suggesting how past designs solved certain problems or represented particular ideal. Environmental Design - ANSWER A theory that focuses on the interaction between humans and their environments that attempts to develop a rational design approach based on scientific research rather than anecdotal evidence or personal philosophy. Often does not take into account the interaction between humans and buildings. Evidence Based Design - ANSWER Basing design in credible research that links one or more environmental elements with a desired outcome. Often used in healthcare but has been applied to education and workplace design. Functionalism - ANSWER A simple rational design solution to design problems without extraneous decoration. Reduced interiors to only what was required to meet strict functional needs without unnecessary decorations. Le Corbusier - ANSWER A house is a machine for the living Gestalt Pyschology - ANSWER a psychological approach that emphasizes that we often perceive the whole rather than the sum of the parts Simultaneous Constrast - ANSWER a phenomenon in which a color appears to change depending on the background color. Grouping - ANSWER humans perceive separate units in the visual NCIDQ IDFX COMPLETE EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2024 GRADED A field as a group, through proximity, similarity, direction, and context Closure (form constancy) - ANSWER the tendency to perceive incomplete forms as a whole Continuity - ANSWER the tendency to see a line or shape as continuing in a particular direction rather than making a sharp turn. Simplicity - ANSWER humans prefer the simplest, most stable organization of forms. the brain organizes forms into the fewest number of lines or parts. Figure-ground - ANSWER the was form (figure) is distinguished from surroundings (ground) Perceptual Constancy - ANSWER perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent lightness, color, shape, and size) even as illumination and retinal images change Shape Constancy - ANSWER the perception of objects as having their original shape regardless of change in orientation or point of view. Size Constancy - ANSWER the perception of objects having the same size regardless of viewing distance. Lightness Constancy - ANSWER the perception of objects to have the same lightness or darkness regardless of the illumination of the space in which it is viewed Color Constancy - ANSWER the perception of an objects color as the same regardless of the lighting conditions Binocular Disparity - ANSWER the difference in the retinal images of the left and right eye which allows the viewer to perceive distance and three-dimensions Interposition - ANSWER a distant object may appear to be overlapped or partly hidden by a closer object Linear Perspective - ANSWER parallel lines appear to recede toward a single point in the distance Atmosphere Perspective - ANSWER haziness of an object that increases with distance caused by small particles in the air Texture Perspective - ANSWER the density of a texture seems to increases as the distance for the viewer increases. Size Clues - ANSWER when wo objects are the same size but the further one will make a smaller image on the retina than the closer Horizon Line Relationship - ANSWER the closer an object is to the horizon line the further away it is. Cue Inconsistency - ANSWER visual cue inconsistencies such as an unpleasant smell in a restaurant or echoes in a small intimate space Political conditions - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design through political thought that creates awareness to a design ideal Economic Conditions - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design through the economic growth at the time. cultural attitudes - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design through cultural views of family, shared values, religion, fashion, leisure pursuits, sports, etc. Symbolism - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design though a clients idea of what the project should be. Regionalism - ANSWER A social and cultural belief that influence interior design by local geographic area Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - ANSWER A variety of human needs that are defined by two groups: deficiency needs and growth needs. Deficiency needs are food, water, minimal bodily comforts, safety needs, belonging and love, self- esteem. Growth needs are self-actualization, education, order and beauty, and self transcendence. Behavior Setting - ANSWER A particular place with definable boundaries and objects in which a standing pattern of behavior occurs at a particular time. Territoriality - ANSWER The human need to lay claim to the spaces we occupy and the things we own. Proxemics - ANSWER Created by Edward T. Hall which describes how people use space. Intimate Distance - ANSWER Physical contact to 18" Personal Distance - ANSWER 18" to 4' Social Distance - ANSWER 4 to 12 feet. 4 to 7 in a close phase and 7 to 12 in the far phase. Public Distance - ANSWER Ranging from 12 feet outward Point - ANSWER perceived when a two dimensionally perceived object appears relatively small in relation to the plane against which it is seen Line - ANSWER an object or form whose actual or visual length greatly exceeds any actual width or depth it may have Plane - ANSWER a form with two dominant dimensions, length and width Volume - ANSWER true three dimensional aspect of interior design having length, width, and depth. solid (with mass) or void (space itself, defined by planes or other elements) or positive and negative space .