Complex Adult Health Exam 1 (100% Accurate Answers)
Dobutamine- Chronotropic correct answers Used to treat cardiogenic shock
Cardiac output, preload, and contractility
Venous vasodilator
Inotropic medication
Use when systolic is 70-100
Dopamine- Chronotropic correct answers Used to treat shock
Vasoconstrictor
Cardiac output, afterload, and contractility
Inotropic medication
Use when systolic is <70 and with signs of shock, bradycardia, hypotension
Dose: 2-20 mcg/kg/min infusion
titrated based on clinical response; tapered on/off slowly
Cautions: extravastion causes tissue damage and necrosis, use caution if giving high doses
through IV, may cause excessive vasoconstriction or tachyarrhythmias, adequate volume
resuscitation required before administration
Epinephrine- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
Distributive shock
Afterload
Use in cardiac arrest, symptomatic bradycardia, anaphylaxis, severe allergic reactions, severe
hypotension, pulseless v-tach, v-fib
Dose: 1mg, repeat every 3-5 min., IV fluid flush after each dose
Caution: higher doses often needed in overdoses of beta blockers or calcium channel blockers,
continuous infusion may be required. high dose DOES NOT improve survival/neurological
outcome, high dose ceases myocardial dysfunction in post resuscitation period
Norepinephrine- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
,Distributive shock
Afterload and contractility
Inotropic medication
Use for severe cardiogenic shock
Adenosine correct answers Slows conduction in AV node and interrupts AV nodual reentry
circuits.
Use: supreventricular dysrhythmias
rapid IV bolus followed by flush
Side effects: headache, dizziness, facial flushing, dyspnea, bronchospasm, chest pain, may cause
asystole up to 15 sec.
Phenylephrine- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
Distributive shock
Afterload
Use when BP increases in pt. with septic shock
Vasopressin- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
Distributive shock
Afterload
Use in vasodilatory shock
Nitroglycerin correct answers Vasodilation
Use for chest pain or MI
Nitroprusside correct answers Reduces afterload
Use in hypertensive crisis, HF, and acute pulmonary edema
Lidocaine- Antiarrhythmic correct answers Used to treat shock
Cardiac output
, Use: v-tach and v-fib
Dose: cardiac arrest from v-tach 1-1.5 mg/kg, Maintenance infusion 1-4 mg/min
Caution: NOT recommended after cardiac arrest
Amiodarone- Antiarrhythmic correct answers Used to treat shock
Cardiac output
Use: pulseless v-tach, v-fib, recurrent hemodynamically unstable v-tach, hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy, supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
Dose: v-tach/v-fib 300mg, may give 150mg after initial dose, tachy/v-tach 150mg over 10min,
continuous infusion of 1mg/min for 6 hours, 0.5mg/min for next 18 hours
Caution: a-fib, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and supraventricular arrhythmias often treated with
oral form, rapid infusion causes hypotension
IV Fluid to Treat Hypovolemic Shock correct answers 0.9% Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated
Ringers (LR)
Anaphylactic Shock correct answers Bronchocontriction
Decrease BP AND O2
Increase HR and RR
Swelling/edema
Interventions:
nonrebreather mask if it doesnt work call code and start ambu bagging, insert ET tube (30 sec to
insert), auscultate 7 points and rise and fall of epigastric for placement verification, provide fluid
resucitation of isotonic fluids with 0.9% NS, give epinephrine, benadryl, and steroids
(dexamethosone)
A&P of Respiratory System correct answers Divided into the upper airway, lower airway and the
lungs.
Upper airway conducts gas to and from the lower airway and the lower airway provides gas
exchange at the alveolar-capillary membrane.
Upper & Lower Airway correct answers Upper airway consists of nasal cavity and pharynx.
Lower airway consists of larynx, trachea, right and left mainstem bronchi, bronchioles, and
alveoli. The alveoli are distal airway structures and are responsible for gas exchange at the
capillary level.
Dobutamine- Chronotropic correct answers Used to treat cardiogenic shock
Cardiac output, preload, and contractility
Venous vasodilator
Inotropic medication
Use when systolic is 70-100
Dopamine- Chronotropic correct answers Used to treat shock
Vasoconstrictor
Cardiac output, afterload, and contractility
Inotropic medication
Use when systolic is <70 and with signs of shock, bradycardia, hypotension
Dose: 2-20 mcg/kg/min infusion
titrated based on clinical response; tapered on/off slowly
Cautions: extravastion causes tissue damage and necrosis, use caution if giving high doses
through IV, may cause excessive vasoconstriction or tachyarrhythmias, adequate volume
resuscitation required before administration
Epinephrine- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
Distributive shock
Afterload
Use in cardiac arrest, symptomatic bradycardia, anaphylaxis, severe allergic reactions, severe
hypotension, pulseless v-tach, v-fib
Dose: 1mg, repeat every 3-5 min., IV fluid flush after each dose
Caution: higher doses often needed in overdoses of beta blockers or calcium channel blockers,
continuous infusion may be required. high dose DOES NOT improve survival/neurological
outcome, high dose ceases myocardial dysfunction in post resuscitation period
Norepinephrine- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
,Distributive shock
Afterload and contractility
Inotropic medication
Use for severe cardiogenic shock
Adenosine correct answers Slows conduction in AV node and interrupts AV nodual reentry
circuits.
Use: supreventricular dysrhythmias
rapid IV bolus followed by flush
Side effects: headache, dizziness, facial flushing, dyspnea, bronchospasm, chest pain, may cause
asystole up to 15 sec.
Phenylephrine- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
Distributive shock
Afterload
Use when BP increases in pt. with septic shock
Vasopressin- Vasoconstrictor correct answers Used to treat shock
Distributive shock
Afterload
Use in vasodilatory shock
Nitroglycerin correct answers Vasodilation
Use for chest pain or MI
Nitroprusside correct answers Reduces afterload
Use in hypertensive crisis, HF, and acute pulmonary edema
Lidocaine- Antiarrhythmic correct answers Used to treat shock
Cardiac output
, Use: v-tach and v-fib
Dose: cardiac arrest from v-tach 1-1.5 mg/kg, Maintenance infusion 1-4 mg/min
Caution: NOT recommended after cardiac arrest
Amiodarone- Antiarrhythmic correct answers Used to treat shock
Cardiac output
Use: pulseless v-tach, v-fib, recurrent hemodynamically unstable v-tach, hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy, supraventricular tachyarrhythmias
Dose: v-tach/v-fib 300mg, may give 150mg after initial dose, tachy/v-tach 150mg over 10min,
continuous infusion of 1mg/min for 6 hours, 0.5mg/min for next 18 hours
Caution: a-fib, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and supraventricular arrhythmias often treated with
oral form, rapid infusion causes hypotension
IV Fluid to Treat Hypovolemic Shock correct answers 0.9% Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated
Ringers (LR)
Anaphylactic Shock correct answers Bronchocontriction
Decrease BP AND O2
Increase HR and RR
Swelling/edema
Interventions:
nonrebreather mask if it doesnt work call code and start ambu bagging, insert ET tube (30 sec to
insert), auscultate 7 points and rise and fall of epigastric for placement verification, provide fluid
resucitation of isotonic fluids with 0.9% NS, give epinephrine, benadryl, and steroids
(dexamethosone)
A&P of Respiratory System correct answers Divided into the upper airway, lower airway and the
lungs.
Upper airway conducts gas to and from the lower airway and the lower airway provides gas
exchange at the alveolar-capillary membrane.
Upper & Lower Airway correct answers Upper airway consists of nasal cavity and pharynx.
Lower airway consists of larynx, trachea, right and left mainstem bronchi, bronchioles, and
alveoli. The alveoli are distal airway structures and are responsible for gas exchange at the
capillary level.
