Complex Adult Health Exam 3 (with Accurate Answers)
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) correct answers -Kidneys stop functioning over a short period of
time
Acute Kidney Injury Types: Prerenal correct answers Are causes that are external to the kidneys
Causes:
-Circulating volume depletion
-Hypovolemic shock
-Decreased cardiac output
-Decreased peripheral vascular resistance
-Renal artery obstruction
Acute Kidney Injury Types: Intrarenal correct answers Are causes that directly injury the
kidney's nephrons and lead to deterioration of kidney function
Causes:
-nephrotoxic drugs like antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contrast dye
-release of myoglobin for damaged muscle cells
Acute Kidney Injury Types: Postrenal correct answers Are caused by the mechanical obstruction
of the flow of urine
Causes:
-Prostatic hypertrophy
-Kidney stones
-Tumors
-Spinal cord injury
Acute Kidney Injury Phases correct answers 1.Onset- long did it take event to cause the
deterioration of the kidney function
2.Oliguric- Kidney is not having a good urine output, last 1-3 weeks, poor clearance of toxins
3. Diuresis- Recovering from the acute kidney injury, begins to have an increase production of
fluids but not clearing toxins, lasts 2-6 weeks
4. Recovery- treatments that will help kidney recovery, may take up to 12 months
Acute Kidney Injury Assessment correct answers -Oliguric phase: Fluid overload, crackles,
dyspnea, SOB, purities
-Diuretic:Fluid volume deficit, excessive urine output, Dry skin and mucous membrane, low
urine specific gravity
-Cardio: Dysrhythmias, don't excrete K+ so have hyperkalemia
-Neuro: Lethargic, muscle switching, seizure activity
Acute Kidney Injury Labs correct answers -Elevated K+ and phosphorus
- Low calcium levels
, -Decreased hemocrit
-Increased RBC
-Metabolic acidosis
Acute Kidney Injury Treatments correct answers -Hemodialysis: AV fistula or dialysis catheter
is used to filter the blood, 3 to 4 a week
-Peritoneal dialysis: Peritoneum is used as a filter
Acute Kidney Injury Medications correct answers -Prerenal: Fluid therapy
-Diuretics to get rid of fluid
-Stop nephrotoxic meds
-May need calcium channel blockers
-Kayexalate (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate): helps excrete K+
-Regular insulin
-Calcium gluconate for calcium
-Epogen for RBC production
-High protein diet
Highest morbidity burns correct answers -Burns covering more than 50% of the body surface
area
-Inhalation injuries
-Very young and elderly patients
Skin layers correct answers -Epidermis (thin)
-Dermis (thick): nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels
-Subcutaneous fat tissue layer
Skin function correct answers -Protect and barrier
-Regulation of fluid loss
-Body heat control
-Synthesis of vitamin D
-Sensation
-Determination of our identity and appearance
Burn Severity correct answers -Type of injury (how burn was caused)
-Burn wound characteristics: Depth, extent (% of body surface exposed), body part burned
-Patient age
-Pre-existing health status
-Concomitant injuries
-Involvement of respiratory system
Thermal Burns correct answers Skin damaged by contact with heat
(flame, scalding liquids, heat source)
-Severity depends on intensity of heat and duration of contact
-Look for potential abusive situations
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) correct answers -Kidneys stop functioning over a short period of
time
Acute Kidney Injury Types: Prerenal correct answers Are causes that are external to the kidneys
Causes:
-Circulating volume depletion
-Hypovolemic shock
-Decreased cardiac output
-Decreased peripheral vascular resistance
-Renal artery obstruction
Acute Kidney Injury Types: Intrarenal correct answers Are causes that directly injury the
kidney's nephrons and lead to deterioration of kidney function
Causes:
-nephrotoxic drugs like antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contrast dye
-release of myoglobin for damaged muscle cells
Acute Kidney Injury Types: Postrenal correct answers Are caused by the mechanical obstruction
of the flow of urine
Causes:
-Prostatic hypertrophy
-Kidney stones
-Tumors
-Spinal cord injury
Acute Kidney Injury Phases correct answers 1.Onset- long did it take event to cause the
deterioration of the kidney function
2.Oliguric- Kidney is not having a good urine output, last 1-3 weeks, poor clearance of toxins
3. Diuresis- Recovering from the acute kidney injury, begins to have an increase production of
fluids but not clearing toxins, lasts 2-6 weeks
4. Recovery- treatments that will help kidney recovery, may take up to 12 months
Acute Kidney Injury Assessment correct answers -Oliguric phase: Fluid overload, crackles,
dyspnea, SOB, purities
-Diuretic:Fluid volume deficit, excessive urine output, Dry skin and mucous membrane, low
urine specific gravity
-Cardio: Dysrhythmias, don't excrete K+ so have hyperkalemia
-Neuro: Lethargic, muscle switching, seizure activity
Acute Kidney Injury Labs correct answers -Elevated K+ and phosphorus
- Low calcium levels
, -Decreased hemocrit
-Increased RBC
-Metabolic acidosis
Acute Kidney Injury Treatments correct answers -Hemodialysis: AV fistula or dialysis catheter
is used to filter the blood, 3 to 4 a week
-Peritoneal dialysis: Peritoneum is used as a filter
Acute Kidney Injury Medications correct answers -Prerenal: Fluid therapy
-Diuretics to get rid of fluid
-Stop nephrotoxic meds
-May need calcium channel blockers
-Kayexalate (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate): helps excrete K+
-Regular insulin
-Calcium gluconate for calcium
-Epogen for RBC production
-High protein diet
Highest morbidity burns correct answers -Burns covering more than 50% of the body surface
area
-Inhalation injuries
-Very young and elderly patients
Skin layers correct answers -Epidermis (thin)
-Dermis (thick): nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels
-Subcutaneous fat tissue layer
Skin function correct answers -Protect and barrier
-Regulation of fluid loss
-Body heat control
-Synthesis of vitamin D
-Sensation
-Determination of our identity and appearance
Burn Severity correct answers -Type of injury (how burn was caused)
-Burn wound characteristics: Depth, extent (% of body surface exposed), body part burned
-Patient age
-Pre-existing health status
-Concomitant injuries
-Involvement of respiratory system
Thermal Burns correct answers Skin damaged by contact with heat
(flame, scalding liquids, heat source)
-Severity depends on intensity of heat and duration of contact
-Look for potential abusive situations
