ATI Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter -17-20- year 2023\2024 graded A+
The heart continually propels - ANSWER-oxygen, nutrients, wastes, as many other substances into the
interconnecting blood vessels that service body cells.
The heart has two receiving chambers - ANSWER-The right atrium and left atrium. Receives blood
returning from the systemic and pulmonary circuits.
The heart has two main pumping chambers - ANSWER-The right ventricle and left ventricle. Pumps
blood around the two circuits.
The heart has 4 chambers total - ANSWER-right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
Cardiac tamponade results in ineffective pumping of blood by the heart because the excessive amount
of fluid in the pericardial cavity will______. - ANSWER-prevent the heart from filling properly with blood.
The heart is wrapped by a double-walled sac called the pericardium. The pericardial cavity lies between
the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium. It is filled with a very small amount of serous
fluid. If additional fluid fills the pericardial space, it adds pressure on the outside of the heart, preventing
it from filling normally.
The presence of an incompetent tricuspid valve would have the direct effect of causing ______. -
ANSWER-reduced efficiency in the delivery of blood to the lungs.
The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and the right ventricle. It must remain tightly closed
during ventricular contraction so blood can be pumped out of the ventricle and into the pulmonary
arteries.
When an ectopic pacemaker leads to an extrasystole, the ______. - ANSWER-ventricles contract before
the atria contract
, ATI Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter -17-20- year 2023\2024 graded A+
The conduction system normally follows an ordered excitation route starting with SA node firing, which
stimulates atrial contraction. As the Purkinje fibers depolarize and excite the ventricular myocardium,
they contract.
An abnormal P wave could be indicative of ______. - ANSWER-enlarged atria
The P wave on an ECG tracing represents SA node firing and subsequent atrial depolarization.
Hypercalcemia could cause ______. - ANSWER-prolonged T wave
The T wave on an ECG tracing represents ventricular repolarization. Repolarization requires the net
efflux of K+ ions. Recall that changes in normal ion concentrations, like Ca2+, in the plasma can affect
the ability of other ions to move in and out of the cell.
Which of the following cannot trigger tachycardia?
- cardiovascular center
- increased sympathetic stimulation
- increased vagal tone
- increased venous return - ANSWER-increased vagal tone
The vagus nerve carries supplies, efferent parasympathetic motor impulses to the heart, and other
major organs. The SA node rate is slowed by impulses from the vagus nerve.
The role of the coronary arteries is to __________. - ANSWER-supply blood to the heart tissue
The coronary arteries, as a part of the coronary circulatory route, supply blood to the heart tissue.
, ATI Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter -17-20- year 2023\2024 graded A+
Which valve is located between the right atrium and ventricle?
- tricuspid valve
- pulmonary semilunar valve
- aortic semilunar valve
- mitral valve - ANSWER-The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and ventricle.
The layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep are: __________. - ANSWER-epicardium,
myocardium, and endocardium
The heart has __________ chambers and __________ valves. - ANSWER-The heart has four chambers
(right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle) and four valves (mitral valve, tricuspid valve,
pulmonary semilunar valve, and aortic semilunar valve).
Which of the following does NOT deliver blood to the right atrium?
- superior vena cava
- inferior vena cava
- coronary sinus
- pulmonary veins - ANSWER-pulmonary veins
The pulmonary veins deliver blood to the left atrium, not the right atrium.
Which of the following is NOT a difference between the left and right ventricles?
- The left ventricle is a more powerful pump than the right ventricle.
- The left ventricle receives a smaller percentage of coronary blood supply than the right ventricle.
- The left ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circuit, while the right ventricle pumps blood to the
pulmonary circuit.
Chapter -17-20- year 2023\2024 graded A+
The heart continually propels - ANSWER-oxygen, nutrients, wastes, as many other substances into the
interconnecting blood vessels that service body cells.
The heart has two receiving chambers - ANSWER-The right atrium and left atrium. Receives blood
returning from the systemic and pulmonary circuits.
The heart has two main pumping chambers - ANSWER-The right ventricle and left ventricle. Pumps
blood around the two circuits.
The heart has 4 chambers total - ANSWER-right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
Cardiac tamponade results in ineffective pumping of blood by the heart because the excessive amount
of fluid in the pericardial cavity will______. - ANSWER-prevent the heart from filling properly with blood.
The heart is wrapped by a double-walled sac called the pericardium. The pericardial cavity lies between
the parietal and visceral layers of the serous pericardium. It is filled with a very small amount of serous
fluid. If additional fluid fills the pericardial space, it adds pressure on the outside of the heart, preventing
it from filling normally.
The presence of an incompetent tricuspid valve would have the direct effect of causing ______. -
ANSWER-reduced efficiency in the delivery of blood to the lungs.
The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and the right ventricle. It must remain tightly closed
during ventricular contraction so blood can be pumped out of the ventricle and into the pulmonary
arteries.
When an ectopic pacemaker leads to an extrasystole, the ______. - ANSWER-ventricles contract before
the atria contract
, ATI Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter -17-20- year 2023\2024 graded A+
The conduction system normally follows an ordered excitation route starting with SA node firing, which
stimulates atrial contraction. As the Purkinje fibers depolarize and excite the ventricular myocardium,
they contract.
An abnormal P wave could be indicative of ______. - ANSWER-enlarged atria
The P wave on an ECG tracing represents SA node firing and subsequent atrial depolarization.
Hypercalcemia could cause ______. - ANSWER-prolonged T wave
The T wave on an ECG tracing represents ventricular repolarization. Repolarization requires the net
efflux of K+ ions. Recall that changes in normal ion concentrations, like Ca2+, in the plasma can affect
the ability of other ions to move in and out of the cell.
Which of the following cannot trigger tachycardia?
- cardiovascular center
- increased sympathetic stimulation
- increased vagal tone
- increased venous return - ANSWER-increased vagal tone
The vagus nerve carries supplies, efferent parasympathetic motor impulses to the heart, and other
major organs. The SA node rate is slowed by impulses from the vagus nerve.
The role of the coronary arteries is to __________. - ANSWER-supply blood to the heart tissue
The coronary arteries, as a part of the coronary circulatory route, supply blood to the heart tissue.
, ATI Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter -17-20- year 2023\2024 graded A+
Which valve is located between the right atrium and ventricle?
- tricuspid valve
- pulmonary semilunar valve
- aortic semilunar valve
- mitral valve - ANSWER-The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and ventricle.
The layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep are: __________. - ANSWER-epicardium,
myocardium, and endocardium
The heart has __________ chambers and __________ valves. - ANSWER-The heart has four chambers
(right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle) and four valves (mitral valve, tricuspid valve,
pulmonary semilunar valve, and aortic semilunar valve).
Which of the following does NOT deliver blood to the right atrium?
- superior vena cava
- inferior vena cava
- coronary sinus
- pulmonary veins - ANSWER-pulmonary veins
The pulmonary veins deliver blood to the left atrium, not the right atrium.
Which of the following is NOT a difference between the left and right ventricles?
- The left ventricle is a more powerful pump than the right ventricle.
- The left ventricle receives a smaller percentage of coronary blood supply than the right ventricle.
- The left ventricle pumps blood to the systemic circuit, while the right ventricle pumps blood to the
pulmonary circuit.
