Elaborate NHA CET Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers.
Heart -
\Hollow muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs just
behind the sternum
Name and describe the innermost layer of the heart -
\Endocardium
Inner lining that folds back on itself to form four valves
Provides conduction system
Name and describe the outermost layer of the heart -
\Epicardium
AKA the visceral layer of pericardium
Name and describe the middle layer of the heart -
\Myocardium
made of striated muscle fiber w/ intercalated discs
provides for pumping ability of heart
How any layers of the heart are there? -
\3 layers
What is the name of the sac that encloses the heart? -
\Pericardium
How many chambers in the heart? -
\four
Chamber that receives deoxygenated blood returning from superior vena cava and
inferior vena cava which drain the upper and lower body respectively. Pumps it
through the tricuspid valve. -
\Right Atrium
Chamber that pumps deoxygenated blood in through the pulmonary arteries and
into the lungs, where it is oxygenated, and then through pulmonary veins to the
next chamber. -
,\Right ventricle
Pulmonary Arteries -
\The only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood.
Chamber that receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins that enters through
the pulmonary SL valve. Pumps it through the Mitral valve. -
\Left Atrium
Pulmonary Veins -
\only veins that carry oxygenated blood
Chamber that receives oxygenated blood through mitral valve
pumps it through the aorta and into the systemic circuit. -
\Left Ventricle
Aorta -
\Largest artery in the body
separates the heart into left and right sides -
\interventricular/atrial septum
Lower chambers of the heart -
\right and left ventricles
uppers chambers of the heart -
\left and right atria
What is the purpose of the heart valves? -
\prevent backflow
ensure unidirectional flow through the heart
Atrioventricular Valves -
\located between atria and ventricles
what are the 2 AV valves -
\mitral and tricuspid
Tricuspid valve -
\between right atrium and ventricle
, 3 cusps
Mitral valve -
\between left atrium and ventricle
2 cusps
AKA Bicuspid
Semilunar valves -
\pulmonary and Aortic valve
pulmonary valve -
\between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
aortic valve -
\between left ventricle and aorta
What can dz. of valves and other abnormalities cause in the heart? -
\murmurs
Heart sound produced by closure of the valves -
\S1 and S2
S1 -
\first heart sound
heard when AV valves close
S2 -
\second heart sound
heard when semilunar valves close
Arteries that supply the heart -
\right and left coronary from the aorta
veins accompany and feed into right atrium
ANS -
\autonomic nervous system
What are the divisions of the ANS -
\sympathetic and parasympathetic
Questions and Answers.
Heart -
\Hollow muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs just
behind the sternum
Name and describe the innermost layer of the heart -
\Endocardium
Inner lining that folds back on itself to form four valves
Provides conduction system
Name and describe the outermost layer of the heart -
\Epicardium
AKA the visceral layer of pericardium
Name and describe the middle layer of the heart -
\Myocardium
made of striated muscle fiber w/ intercalated discs
provides for pumping ability of heart
How any layers of the heart are there? -
\3 layers
What is the name of the sac that encloses the heart? -
\Pericardium
How many chambers in the heart? -
\four
Chamber that receives deoxygenated blood returning from superior vena cava and
inferior vena cava which drain the upper and lower body respectively. Pumps it
through the tricuspid valve. -
\Right Atrium
Chamber that pumps deoxygenated blood in through the pulmonary arteries and
into the lungs, where it is oxygenated, and then through pulmonary veins to the
next chamber. -
,\Right ventricle
Pulmonary Arteries -
\The only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood.
Chamber that receives oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins that enters through
the pulmonary SL valve. Pumps it through the Mitral valve. -
\Left Atrium
Pulmonary Veins -
\only veins that carry oxygenated blood
Chamber that receives oxygenated blood through mitral valve
pumps it through the aorta and into the systemic circuit. -
\Left Ventricle
Aorta -
\Largest artery in the body
separates the heart into left and right sides -
\interventricular/atrial septum
Lower chambers of the heart -
\right and left ventricles
uppers chambers of the heart -
\left and right atria
What is the purpose of the heart valves? -
\prevent backflow
ensure unidirectional flow through the heart
Atrioventricular Valves -
\located between atria and ventricles
what are the 2 AV valves -
\mitral and tricuspid
Tricuspid valve -
\between right atrium and ventricle
, 3 cusps
Mitral valve -
\between left atrium and ventricle
2 cusps
AKA Bicuspid
Semilunar valves -
\pulmonary and Aortic valve
pulmonary valve -
\between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
aortic valve -
\between left ventricle and aorta
What can dz. of valves and other abnormalities cause in the heart? -
\murmurs
Heart sound produced by closure of the valves -
\S1 and S2
S1 -
\first heart sound
heard when AV valves close
S2 -
\second heart sound
heard when semilunar valves close
Arteries that supply the heart -
\right and left coronary from the aorta
veins accompany and feed into right atrium
ANS -
\autonomic nervous system
What are the divisions of the ANS -
\sympathetic and parasympathetic
