GLYCOGEN METABOLISM EXAM WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS { GRADED
A+}
Stored Glucose - ✔✔stores of readily available glucose to supply the
tissues with an oxidizable energy source are found principally in the
liver, as glycogen; a second major source of stored glucose is the
glycogen of skeletal muscle, but muscle glycogen is not generally
available to other tissues because it lacks the enzyme glucose-6-
phosphatase
Glucose Consumption - ✔✔the major site of daily glucose consumption
is the brain via aerobic pathways; most of the remainder s utilized by
erythrocytes, skeletal muscle and heart muscle
, Glucose Comsumption - ✔✔the body obtains glucose either directly
from the diet or from amino acids and lactate via gluconeogenesis;
glucose either remains soluble in the body fluid or stored as glycogen
Glycogen - ✔✔the polymeric form of glucose primarily found in the
liver and muscle, with kidneys and intestines adding minor storage sites;
stores of glycogen in the liver are considered the main buffer of blood
glucose levels; a polymer of glucose residues linked by alpha 1-4
glycosidic linkages with alpha 1-6 linkages at branch points
Glycogenolysis - ✔✔degradation of stored glycogen occurs through the
action of glycogen phosphorylase which removes single glucose
residues from alpha 1-4 glycosidic linkages within the glycogen
molecules; results in the production of glucose-1-phosphate; this is a
phosphorylytic step which occurs without ATP hydrolysis so the glucose
removed is an activated state and the concentration of inorganic
phosphate is high enough to drive the equilibrium of the reaction in the
favorable direction since the free energy change of the standard state
reaction is positive (nonspontaneous)
100% CORRECT ANSWERS { GRADED
A+}
Stored Glucose - ✔✔stores of readily available glucose to supply the
tissues with an oxidizable energy source are found principally in the
liver, as glycogen; a second major source of stored glucose is the
glycogen of skeletal muscle, but muscle glycogen is not generally
available to other tissues because it lacks the enzyme glucose-6-
phosphatase
Glucose Consumption - ✔✔the major site of daily glucose consumption
is the brain via aerobic pathways; most of the remainder s utilized by
erythrocytes, skeletal muscle and heart muscle
, Glucose Comsumption - ✔✔the body obtains glucose either directly
from the diet or from amino acids and lactate via gluconeogenesis;
glucose either remains soluble in the body fluid or stored as glycogen
Glycogen - ✔✔the polymeric form of glucose primarily found in the
liver and muscle, with kidneys and intestines adding minor storage sites;
stores of glycogen in the liver are considered the main buffer of blood
glucose levels; a polymer of glucose residues linked by alpha 1-4
glycosidic linkages with alpha 1-6 linkages at branch points
Glycogenolysis - ✔✔degradation of stored glycogen occurs through the
action of glycogen phosphorylase which removes single glucose
residues from alpha 1-4 glycosidic linkages within the glycogen
molecules; results in the production of glucose-1-phosphate; this is a
phosphorylytic step which occurs without ATP hydrolysis so the glucose
removed is an activated state and the concentration of inorganic
phosphate is high enough to drive the equilibrium of the reaction in the
favorable direction since the free energy change of the standard state
reaction is positive (nonspontaneous)
