WGU C182 Study Guide 2024 with complete solution
Application Software
Programs end users run to accomplish tasks.
Productivity Software
Application software used to aid in productivity. I.E. Presentation software, word
processor, spreadsheets.
Internet Usage Software
Email, FTP client, web browser
System Software
Consists of programs that make up the OS and directly support system itself.
**Includes services or DAEMONS
Server Software
Works with hardware to provide network service.
Local Application
Software stored on an individual computer.
Intranet
A LAN that uses IP. Used to communicate within organization.
Cloud Computing
Allows organization to access resources/app anywhere, anytime. Beneficial because an
org. may access resources it may not normally have.
Operating Systems
Allows a user to easily access hardware/software, required to maintain computer
environment.
Kernel
Core component of OS.
Loads when computer first boots
Sits on top of hardware, is interface b/w hardware and software.
Device Drivers
Interface b/w OS and hardware.
Shell
Interface for user, often personalized. The shell provides access to the kernel.
I.E. The GUI will translate mouse motions into calls to kernel/routines. Desktop
elements include shortcuts, windows theme, menus, background.
Services (Daemons)
OS programs that start when OS is loaded. They run in the background and wait for an
event to initiate.
Utility Programs
Allow user to monitor system performance.
Web Server
Role is to respond to HTTP requests.
*Most HTTP requests are for HTML docs, but could include any web accessible
resource.
It's all combined into the URL.
**APACHE is most popular web server-can execute scripts for dynamic pages, use
security mechanisms, log request for trend tracking.
, Proxy Server
Acts as a giant cache and allows pages accessed frequently in an organization to be
accessed locally.
*Also provides degree of anonymity, since IP address recorded is for proxy server and
not individual client.
*Can also be used to block requests to certain servers (i.e Facebook)
*Can reject responses that contain certain content (i.e "porn")
**SQUID is most common, but APACHE can also be used as proxy server.
Database Server
Permits dB access across a network.
Performs tasks such as data analysis, data manipulation, security,and archiving.
May/may not store database itself.
**MySQL is popular.
FTP Server
Hosts files and allows clients access to files.
Access is in form of uploading/downloading files.
Requires either user has an account or logs in as anonymous user.
File Server
Computer with large hard disk storing files, but can also store software to be run over
network.
Email Server
Provides email service.
Accepts email request from clients.
IMAP,POPS,HTTP,MAPI,MIME
String Data
Alphanumeric or text
Ex: James (Last name)
623 Hill Street
Number Integer
Numeric data, whole numbers.
Ex: 4
Floating Point
Decimal.
Ex: 4.2
Date/Time
Type of Data
Boolean/Logical
Type of Data.
Ex: True/False (in reply to active subscriber?)
Only two possible answers: yes/no or true/false
Flat File Database
One large single table without relations between tables.
*Most common is CSV file (files separated by comma)
*Flat file is used if amount of data is fairly small.
Ex: Spreadsheet
Relational Database
Application Software
Programs end users run to accomplish tasks.
Productivity Software
Application software used to aid in productivity. I.E. Presentation software, word
processor, spreadsheets.
Internet Usage Software
Email, FTP client, web browser
System Software
Consists of programs that make up the OS and directly support system itself.
**Includes services or DAEMONS
Server Software
Works with hardware to provide network service.
Local Application
Software stored on an individual computer.
Intranet
A LAN that uses IP. Used to communicate within organization.
Cloud Computing
Allows organization to access resources/app anywhere, anytime. Beneficial because an
org. may access resources it may not normally have.
Operating Systems
Allows a user to easily access hardware/software, required to maintain computer
environment.
Kernel
Core component of OS.
Loads when computer first boots
Sits on top of hardware, is interface b/w hardware and software.
Device Drivers
Interface b/w OS and hardware.
Shell
Interface for user, often personalized. The shell provides access to the kernel.
I.E. The GUI will translate mouse motions into calls to kernel/routines. Desktop
elements include shortcuts, windows theme, menus, background.
Services (Daemons)
OS programs that start when OS is loaded. They run in the background and wait for an
event to initiate.
Utility Programs
Allow user to monitor system performance.
Web Server
Role is to respond to HTTP requests.
*Most HTTP requests are for HTML docs, but could include any web accessible
resource.
It's all combined into the URL.
**APACHE is most popular web server-can execute scripts for dynamic pages, use
security mechanisms, log request for trend tracking.
, Proxy Server
Acts as a giant cache and allows pages accessed frequently in an organization to be
accessed locally.
*Also provides degree of anonymity, since IP address recorded is for proxy server and
not individual client.
*Can also be used to block requests to certain servers (i.e Facebook)
*Can reject responses that contain certain content (i.e "porn")
**SQUID is most common, but APACHE can also be used as proxy server.
Database Server
Permits dB access across a network.
Performs tasks such as data analysis, data manipulation, security,and archiving.
May/may not store database itself.
**MySQL is popular.
FTP Server
Hosts files and allows clients access to files.
Access is in form of uploading/downloading files.
Requires either user has an account or logs in as anonymous user.
File Server
Computer with large hard disk storing files, but can also store software to be run over
network.
Email Server
Provides email service.
Accepts email request from clients.
IMAP,POPS,HTTP,MAPI,MIME
String Data
Alphanumeric or text
Ex: James (Last name)
623 Hill Street
Number Integer
Numeric data, whole numbers.
Ex: 4
Floating Point
Decimal.
Ex: 4.2
Date/Time
Type of Data
Boolean/Logical
Type of Data.
Ex: True/False (in reply to active subscriber?)
Only two possible answers: yes/no or true/false
Flat File Database
One large single table without relations between tables.
*Most common is CSV file (files separated by comma)
*Flat file is used if amount of data is fairly small.
Ex: Spreadsheet
Relational Database
