Disease Lecture Clinical Features Treatment/ Aetiology Extra
Management Information/Associa
tions
Tongue coating Orofaci -White patches on -Increase fluid Filiform -Not candida
al dorsum of tongue intake papillae related!!
fungal -Swollen tongue -Avoid smoking covered in
infecti -Increase roughage keratin builds
on of diet to allow up over time
dislodging. w/ food and
bacteria.
Pseudomembranous Orofaci -Detachable -Improve oral Essentially a -Found in
candidosis (Thrush) al creamy/white hygiene candida Immunocompro
(Acute form) fungal patches on oral -Smoking cessation infection mised, HIV,
infecti mucosa and palate -Investigate from one of cancer, extremes
on -Can be wiped off immunosuppression the reasons of ages.
-Erythematous and deficiencies that causes -Associated with
base -Live yogurt to their angular cheilitis
-Asymptomatic increase good overgrowth. or esophageal
-If present on the bacteria candidosis
tongue can have -Chlorhexidine m/w,
areas of atrophic Nystatin
tongue and thrush suspension,
on top. Miconazole gel
Erythematous Orofaci -+/- painful -Chlorhexidine m/w, Essentially a -Associated with
Candidosis al erythematous Nystatin candida chronic B.S
(Acute form) fungal patches suspension, infection antibiotics.
infecti commonly on Miconazole gel from one of
on dorsum of tongue -Same as above the reasons
and palate where exactly that causes
they match their
(kissing lesions) overgrowth
-Usually causes
depapillation +
reddening.
Chronic Hyperplastic Orofaci -Asymptomatic -Biopsy (To check Essentially a -Associated
candidosis al -Chronic risk of potential candida mainly with
(Chronic form) fungal hyperkeratosis in premalignancy) infection smokers and
infecti which candida is - Investigate from one of tobacco users
on present immunosuppression the reasons
- White and deficiencies that causes
erythematous -Smoking cessation their
raised speckled or -Topical AF usually overgrowth.
plaque like lesions ineffective so
on buccal mucosa systemic needed e.g
near commissures fluconazole for 2-
bilaterally which 4weeks.
don’t rub off. -Same as above
-Can cause
malignancy
Chronic Orofaci -Marked erythema -Address denture -Associated -Fit surface
Erythematous al of palatal mucosa hygiene with poor excludes saliva
Candidosis (Denture fungal under fit surface -Eliminate tissue denture and creates a dry
, Stomatitis) infecti of upper denture trauma using tissue hygiene and environment for
(Chronic form) on -Asymptomatic conditioners. poor fitting candida to grow.
-Miconazole gel dentures. Lower arch rarely
applied to fit involved.
surface
-Remove overnight
-If not working try
systemic
Angular Cheilitis Orofaci -Symmetrical -Correct -Found in -Occurs alongside
(Secondary form) al erythematous predisposing factors Immunocomp many of the
fungal fissuring of angles -Treat intra oral and romised, other candidal
infecti of the mouth corners of mouth haematinic diseases above.
on -Affects elderly candida using deficiencies, -Can be bacterial
mainly with topical agents, BS antibiotics, or fungal causing.
denture stomatitis miconazole gel. xerostomia, -Bacterial usually
-Painful usually pts with low caused by staph
vertical aureus.
dimensions
causing
pooling.
Median Rhomboid Orofaci -Asymptomatic -Chlorhexidine m/w,
Glossitis al Diamond shape Nystatin
(Secondary form) fungal smooth area suspension,
infecti anterior to vallate Miconazole gel.
on papillae Same as above
-Localised candida really.
infection with -May need
atrophy of filiform fluconazole.
papillae
Chronic Orofaci -Chronic/recurrent Systemic antifungal -Associated with
Mucotaneous al candida infection drug (e.g rare congenital
Candidosis fungal involving skin, fluconazole) diseases.
(Secondary form) infecti nails and mucous
on membrane.
Black (Brown) Hairy Pigemt -Traps overgrowth -Reassure and -Elongation of -Associated with
Tongue nery of black pigment inform filiform heavy smoking,
change producing bacteria -Improve Oral papillae on broad spectrum,
s of + Staining from hygiene tongue due to soft diet,
oral food -Increase water not shedding food/drinks.
cavity drinks/diet/smoki -Reduce smoking which is
ng -Increase trapping.
roughage/fibrous
diet
-Excessive tongue
brushing should be
avoided.
Pigemt -Grey, blue, black -Reassure and -May follow
Amalgam tattoo nery colour with no inform extraction of
(Focal Agyrosis) change elevation on lower -Margins blur over an amalgam
s of gingiva or alveolar time filled tooth,
Management Information/Associa
tions
Tongue coating Orofaci -White patches on -Increase fluid Filiform -Not candida
al dorsum of tongue intake papillae related!!
fungal -Swollen tongue -Avoid smoking covered in
infecti -Increase roughage keratin builds
on of diet to allow up over time
dislodging. w/ food and
bacteria.
Pseudomembranous Orofaci -Detachable -Improve oral Essentially a -Found in
candidosis (Thrush) al creamy/white hygiene candida Immunocompro
(Acute form) fungal patches on oral -Smoking cessation infection mised, HIV,
infecti mucosa and palate -Investigate from one of cancer, extremes
on -Can be wiped off immunosuppression the reasons of ages.
-Erythematous and deficiencies that causes -Associated with
base -Live yogurt to their angular cheilitis
-Asymptomatic increase good overgrowth. or esophageal
-If present on the bacteria candidosis
tongue can have -Chlorhexidine m/w,
areas of atrophic Nystatin
tongue and thrush suspension,
on top. Miconazole gel
Erythematous Orofaci -+/- painful -Chlorhexidine m/w, Essentially a -Associated with
Candidosis al erythematous Nystatin candida chronic B.S
(Acute form) fungal patches suspension, infection antibiotics.
infecti commonly on Miconazole gel from one of
on dorsum of tongue -Same as above the reasons
and palate where exactly that causes
they match their
(kissing lesions) overgrowth
-Usually causes
depapillation +
reddening.
Chronic Hyperplastic Orofaci -Asymptomatic -Biopsy (To check Essentially a -Associated
candidosis al -Chronic risk of potential candida mainly with
(Chronic form) fungal hyperkeratosis in premalignancy) infection smokers and
infecti which candida is - Investigate from one of tobacco users
on present immunosuppression the reasons
- White and deficiencies that causes
erythematous -Smoking cessation their
raised speckled or -Topical AF usually overgrowth.
plaque like lesions ineffective so
on buccal mucosa systemic needed e.g
near commissures fluconazole for 2-
bilaterally which 4weeks.
don’t rub off. -Same as above
-Can cause
malignancy
Chronic Orofaci -Marked erythema -Address denture -Associated -Fit surface
Erythematous al of palatal mucosa hygiene with poor excludes saliva
Candidosis (Denture fungal under fit surface -Eliminate tissue denture and creates a dry
, Stomatitis) infecti of upper denture trauma using tissue hygiene and environment for
(Chronic form) on -Asymptomatic conditioners. poor fitting candida to grow.
-Miconazole gel dentures. Lower arch rarely
applied to fit involved.
surface
-Remove overnight
-If not working try
systemic
Angular Cheilitis Orofaci -Symmetrical -Correct -Found in -Occurs alongside
(Secondary form) al erythematous predisposing factors Immunocomp many of the
fungal fissuring of angles -Treat intra oral and romised, other candidal
infecti of the mouth corners of mouth haematinic diseases above.
on -Affects elderly candida using deficiencies, -Can be bacterial
mainly with topical agents, BS antibiotics, or fungal causing.
denture stomatitis miconazole gel. xerostomia, -Bacterial usually
-Painful usually pts with low caused by staph
vertical aureus.
dimensions
causing
pooling.
Median Rhomboid Orofaci -Asymptomatic -Chlorhexidine m/w,
Glossitis al Diamond shape Nystatin
(Secondary form) fungal smooth area suspension,
infecti anterior to vallate Miconazole gel.
on papillae Same as above
-Localised candida really.
infection with -May need
atrophy of filiform fluconazole.
papillae
Chronic Orofaci -Chronic/recurrent Systemic antifungal -Associated with
Mucotaneous al candida infection drug (e.g rare congenital
Candidosis fungal involving skin, fluconazole) diseases.
(Secondary form) infecti nails and mucous
on membrane.
Black (Brown) Hairy Pigemt -Traps overgrowth -Reassure and -Elongation of -Associated with
Tongue nery of black pigment inform filiform heavy smoking,
change producing bacteria -Improve Oral papillae on broad spectrum,
s of + Staining from hygiene tongue due to soft diet,
oral food -Increase water not shedding food/drinks.
cavity drinks/diet/smoki -Reduce smoking which is
ng -Increase trapping.
roughage/fibrous
diet
-Excessive tongue
brushing should be
avoided.
Pigemt -Grey, blue, black -Reassure and -May follow
Amalgam tattoo nery colour with no inform extraction of
(Focal Agyrosis) change elevation on lower -Margins blur over an amalgam
s of gingiva or alveolar time filled tooth,
