AFP Periode 2 Samenvatting
Van: Claudia van der Meijden
1
,Inhoudsopgave
Ademhalingsstelsel........................................................................................................................................ 5
Functies................................................................................................................................................................5
Opbouw ademhalingsstelsel................................................................................................................................6
Gas uitwisseling anatomie...................................................................................................................................7
Respiratie...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Interne respiratie..................................................................................................................................................8
Externe respiratie:................................................................................................................................................9
Hypoxie:................................................................................................................................................................9
Anoxie:..................................................................................................................................................................9
Gas uitwisseling fysiologie...................................................................................................................................9
Regeling van de ademhaling......................................................................................................................... 11
Zuurbase evenwicht...........................................................................................................................................11
Chemoreceptoren...............................................................................................................................................12
Ventilatie & perfusie...........................................................................................................................................13
Pathologie................................................................................................................................................... 14
Symptomen ademhaling....................................................................................................................................14
Diagnostisch onderzoek.....................................................................................................................................15
Ziektes & aandoeningen kort weergegeven......................................................................................................15
Aandoeningen van de bovenste luchtwegen................................................................................................15
Slaap apneu...................................................................................................................................................17
Laryngitis........................................................................................................................................................17
Aandoeningen van de onderste luchtwegen.................................................................................................17
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)............................................................................................21
COPD..................................................................................................................................................................22
Wat is COPD?.................................................................................................................................................22
Oorzaken COPD..............................................................................................................................................23
Oorzaken exacebatie(acuut verergeren van) COPD......................................................................................23
Risico..............................................................................................................................................................23
Classificatie....................................................................................................................................................23
Behandelingen:..............................................................................................................................................23
Chronische bronchitis.........................................................................................................................................24
Symptomen chronische bronchitis................................................................................................................24
Oorzaak:.........................................................................................................................................................25
Diagnose stellen.............................................................................................................................................25
Behandeling:..................................................................................................................................................25
Longemfyseem...................................................................................................................................................25
Oorzaken............................................................................................................................................................25
Pneumonie = longontsteking........................................................................................................................ 26
2
, Vormen...............................................................................................................................................................26
Oorzaken............................................................................................................................................................26
Symptomen........................................................................................................................................................26
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................26
Pneumothorax............................................................................................................................................. 28
Soorten...............................................................................................................................................................28
Symptomen........................................................................................................................................................28
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................29
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................29
Hormoon stelsel.......................................................................................................................................... 30
Hormoon structuren...........................................................................................................................................31
Hormonen...........................................................................................................................................................32
Hypofysevoorkwab........................................................................................................................................32
Hypofyse achterkwab....................................................................................................................................33
Bijnier.................................................................................................................................................................34
Pancreas.............................................................................................................................................................34
Schildklier...........................................................................................................................................................35
Terugkoppeling...................................................................................................................................................36
Gecoördineerde reacties hormonen...................................................................................................................36
Samenvatting filmpje juf Daniëlle................................................................................................................. 37
De basis..............................................................................................................................................................37
Feedbackmechanisme........................................................................................................................................37
Belangrijkste spelers..........................................................................................................................................38
Pathologie pancreas..................................................................................................................................... 39
Diabetes mellitus................................................................................................................................................39
Type 1.............................................................................................................................................................39
Type 2.............................................................................................................................................................40
Complicaties...................................................................................................................................................40
Diabetische ketoacidose................................................................................................................................40
Hyper glycemie..............................................................................................................................................41
Hypo glycemie...............................................................................................................................................41
Hypoglycemische coma.................................................................................................................................43
Pathologie hypofyse.................................................................................................................................... 44
Hypofysaire dwerggroei.....................................................................................................................................44
Diabetesinsipidus...............................................................................................................................................44
Gigantisme.........................................................................................................................................................45
Acromeglie.........................................................................................................................................................45
Pathologie schildklier................................................................................................................................... 46
Hypothyroïdie.....................................................................................................................................................46
3
, Congenitale hypothyroïdie.................................................................................................................................46
Hyperthyroïdie....................................................................................................................................................47
Hyperparathyreoidie..........................................................................................................................................47
Hypoparathyreoïdie...........................................................................................................................................48
Hypoadrenalisme (ziekte van addison)..............................................................................................................48
Hyperadrenalisme (syndroom van cusching).....................................................................................................48
Pathologie van de bijnierschors.................................................................................................................... 49
Hypoadrenalisme (ziekte van Addison)..............................................................................................................49
Hyperadrenalisme (syndroom van Cusching).....................................................................................................49
Hyperadrenalisme (ziekte van CONN)................................................................................................................50
De huid........................................................................................................................................................ 50
Functies..............................................................................................................................................................50
Epidermis (opperhuid)........................................................................................................................................51
Dermis/ cutis (lederhuid)....................................................................................................................................52
Hypodermis/subcutis (onderhuidse laag)..........................................................................................................52
Haren..................................................................................................................................................................52
Exocriene klieren................................................................................................................................................52
Zweetklieren (glandulae sudoriferae)................................................................................................................52
Pathologie van de huid................................................................................................................................ 53
Verkleuringen van de huid.................................................................................................................................53
Huidafwijkingen.................................................................................................................................................54
Epidermale cysten..............................................................................................................................................55
Infectieuze huidaandoeningen...........................................................................................................................55
Impetigo (krentenbaard)...............................................................................................................................55
Erysipelas en cellulitis (wondroos en diepe huidinfectie).............................................................................56
Follicutis, furunkel en karbonkels..................................................................................................................56
Virale huidinfecties.............................................................................................................................................57
Herpes labialis (Koortslip)..............................................................................................................................57
Verrucae (Wratten)........................................................................................................................................58
Schimmelinfecties van de huid...........................................................................................................................59
Tinea (ringworm)...........................................................................................................................................59
Seborroisch eczeem.......................................................................................................................................60
Candidiasis.....................................................................................................................................................60
Parasitaire huidinfecties.....................................................................................................................................61
Pediculose (luizenplaag)................................................................................................................................61
Scabiës (schurft).............................................................................................................................................61
Allergieën en overgevoeligheid van de huid......................................................................................................62
Urticaria (netelroos of galbulten)..................................................................................................................62
Eczeem...........................................................................................................................................................62
Rosacea..........................................................................................................................................................63
Psoriasis.........................................................................................................................................................64
Goedaardige tumoren........................................................................................................................................65
4
Van: Claudia van der Meijden
1
,Inhoudsopgave
Ademhalingsstelsel........................................................................................................................................ 5
Functies................................................................................................................................................................5
Opbouw ademhalingsstelsel................................................................................................................................6
Gas uitwisseling anatomie...................................................................................................................................7
Respiratie...................................................................................................................................................... 8
Interne respiratie..................................................................................................................................................8
Externe respiratie:................................................................................................................................................9
Hypoxie:................................................................................................................................................................9
Anoxie:..................................................................................................................................................................9
Gas uitwisseling fysiologie...................................................................................................................................9
Regeling van de ademhaling......................................................................................................................... 11
Zuurbase evenwicht...........................................................................................................................................11
Chemoreceptoren...............................................................................................................................................12
Ventilatie & perfusie...........................................................................................................................................13
Pathologie................................................................................................................................................... 14
Symptomen ademhaling....................................................................................................................................14
Diagnostisch onderzoek.....................................................................................................................................15
Ziektes & aandoeningen kort weergegeven......................................................................................................15
Aandoeningen van de bovenste luchtwegen................................................................................................15
Slaap apneu...................................................................................................................................................17
Laryngitis........................................................................................................................................................17
Aandoeningen van de onderste luchtwegen.................................................................................................17
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)............................................................................................21
COPD..................................................................................................................................................................22
Wat is COPD?.................................................................................................................................................22
Oorzaken COPD..............................................................................................................................................23
Oorzaken exacebatie(acuut verergeren van) COPD......................................................................................23
Risico..............................................................................................................................................................23
Classificatie....................................................................................................................................................23
Behandelingen:..............................................................................................................................................23
Chronische bronchitis.........................................................................................................................................24
Symptomen chronische bronchitis................................................................................................................24
Oorzaak:.........................................................................................................................................................25
Diagnose stellen.............................................................................................................................................25
Behandeling:..................................................................................................................................................25
Longemfyseem...................................................................................................................................................25
Oorzaken............................................................................................................................................................25
Pneumonie = longontsteking........................................................................................................................ 26
2
, Vormen...............................................................................................................................................................26
Oorzaken............................................................................................................................................................26
Symptomen........................................................................................................................................................26
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................26
Pneumothorax............................................................................................................................................. 28
Soorten...............................................................................................................................................................28
Symptomen........................................................................................................................................................28
Diagnose.............................................................................................................................................................29
Behandeling........................................................................................................................................................29
Hormoon stelsel.......................................................................................................................................... 30
Hormoon structuren...........................................................................................................................................31
Hormonen...........................................................................................................................................................32
Hypofysevoorkwab........................................................................................................................................32
Hypofyse achterkwab....................................................................................................................................33
Bijnier.................................................................................................................................................................34
Pancreas.............................................................................................................................................................34
Schildklier...........................................................................................................................................................35
Terugkoppeling...................................................................................................................................................36
Gecoördineerde reacties hormonen...................................................................................................................36
Samenvatting filmpje juf Daniëlle................................................................................................................. 37
De basis..............................................................................................................................................................37
Feedbackmechanisme........................................................................................................................................37
Belangrijkste spelers..........................................................................................................................................38
Pathologie pancreas..................................................................................................................................... 39
Diabetes mellitus................................................................................................................................................39
Type 1.............................................................................................................................................................39
Type 2.............................................................................................................................................................40
Complicaties...................................................................................................................................................40
Diabetische ketoacidose................................................................................................................................40
Hyper glycemie..............................................................................................................................................41
Hypo glycemie...............................................................................................................................................41
Hypoglycemische coma.................................................................................................................................43
Pathologie hypofyse.................................................................................................................................... 44
Hypofysaire dwerggroei.....................................................................................................................................44
Diabetesinsipidus...............................................................................................................................................44
Gigantisme.........................................................................................................................................................45
Acromeglie.........................................................................................................................................................45
Pathologie schildklier................................................................................................................................... 46
Hypothyroïdie.....................................................................................................................................................46
3
, Congenitale hypothyroïdie.................................................................................................................................46
Hyperthyroïdie....................................................................................................................................................47
Hyperparathyreoidie..........................................................................................................................................47
Hypoparathyreoïdie...........................................................................................................................................48
Hypoadrenalisme (ziekte van addison)..............................................................................................................48
Hyperadrenalisme (syndroom van cusching).....................................................................................................48
Pathologie van de bijnierschors.................................................................................................................... 49
Hypoadrenalisme (ziekte van Addison)..............................................................................................................49
Hyperadrenalisme (syndroom van Cusching).....................................................................................................49
Hyperadrenalisme (ziekte van CONN)................................................................................................................50
De huid........................................................................................................................................................ 50
Functies..............................................................................................................................................................50
Epidermis (opperhuid)........................................................................................................................................51
Dermis/ cutis (lederhuid)....................................................................................................................................52
Hypodermis/subcutis (onderhuidse laag)..........................................................................................................52
Haren..................................................................................................................................................................52
Exocriene klieren................................................................................................................................................52
Zweetklieren (glandulae sudoriferae)................................................................................................................52
Pathologie van de huid................................................................................................................................ 53
Verkleuringen van de huid.................................................................................................................................53
Huidafwijkingen.................................................................................................................................................54
Epidermale cysten..............................................................................................................................................55
Infectieuze huidaandoeningen...........................................................................................................................55
Impetigo (krentenbaard)...............................................................................................................................55
Erysipelas en cellulitis (wondroos en diepe huidinfectie).............................................................................56
Follicutis, furunkel en karbonkels..................................................................................................................56
Virale huidinfecties.............................................................................................................................................57
Herpes labialis (Koortslip)..............................................................................................................................57
Verrucae (Wratten)........................................................................................................................................58
Schimmelinfecties van de huid...........................................................................................................................59
Tinea (ringworm)...........................................................................................................................................59
Seborroisch eczeem.......................................................................................................................................60
Candidiasis.....................................................................................................................................................60
Parasitaire huidinfecties.....................................................................................................................................61
Pediculose (luizenplaag)................................................................................................................................61
Scabiës (schurft).............................................................................................................................................61
Allergieën en overgevoeligheid van de huid......................................................................................................62
Urticaria (netelroos of galbulten)..................................................................................................................62
Eczeem...........................................................................................................................................................62
Rosacea..........................................................................................................................................................63
Psoriasis.........................................................................................................................................................64
Goedaardige tumoren........................................................................................................................................65
4
