NTRI 2000 Exam 1 Review Auburn University
Food ** ** any substance that the body can take in and assimilate that will enable it to stay alive
and grow
Nutrition ** ** science that links nutrients in foods and in the body to health and disease
Diet/Eating Pattern ** ** foods and beverages a person usually eats and drinks
Nutrients ** ** components of food that are indispensable to the body's functioning
Essential nutrient ** ** body cannot make (or make enough) for itself, it must be provided in the
diet
Criteria for essential nutrients ** ** 1.ommision leads to health decline
2.regain normal function when restored to the diet
3.has specific biological function
Chronic diseases ** ** degenerative conditions or illnesses that progress slowly, are long in
duration, and lack an immediate cure
Role of nutrition in development of chronic diseases ** ** Linked to poor diet, prevention is
influenced by proper diet throughout lifespan, and poor diet is a risk factor for 2/3 of deaths from
chronic diseases
Energy ** ** the capacity to do work, comes from the Sun, measured as a calorie
Six classes of nutrients ** ** Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Carbohydrates ** ** major source of calories in diet, main form of energy for cells
4 kcal/g
, Lipids ** ** comprised of animal fats and plant oils
9 kcal/g
Protein ** ** Main structural material of the body, major component of muscle
4 kcal/g
Vitamins ** ** enable chemical reactions to occur in the body
yields no energy
Minerals ** ** Nervous system function, water balance, component of structural systems,
metabolic and other cellular processes
yields no energy
Water ** ** solvent and lubricant, transports nutrients/waste, temperature regulation
yields no energy
Macronutrients ** ** Energy yielding nutrients (including water) needed in large amounts.
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein
Micronutrients ** ** Needed in relatively small amounts in the diet. Vitamins, Minerals
Phytochemicals ** ** Chemicals found in fruits and veggies, many provide health benefits but
are not considered essential nutrients
Factors that drive food choices ** ** Taste, price, convenience
5 pilars of a nutritious eating pattern ** ** Adequacy, Balance, Calorie control, Moderation,
Variety
Adequacy ** ** Providing all of the essential nutrients and energy in amounts sufficient to
maintain health and body weight
Balance ** ** Providing many different foods from within a food group
Calorie control ** ** Controlling energy intake
Moderation ** ** Providing food within set limits so as not to over consume
Variety ** ** Providing a whole selection of foods and eating from all of the food groups
Food ** ** any substance that the body can take in and assimilate that will enable it to stay alive
and grow
Nutrition ** ** science that links nutrients in foods and in the body to health and disease
Diet/Eating Pattern ** ** foods and beverages a person usually eats and drinks
Nutrients ** ** components of food that are indispensable to the body's functioning
Essential nutrient ** ** body cannot make (or make enough) for itself, it must be provided in the
diet
Criteria for essential nutrients ** ** 1.ommision leads to health decline
2.regain normal function when restored to the diet
3.has specific biological function
Chronic diseases ** ** degenerative conditions or illnesses that progress slowly, are long in
duration, and lack an immediate cure
Role of nutrition in development of chronic diseases ** ** Linked to poor diet, prevention is
influenced by proper diet throughout lifespan, and poor diet is a risk factor for 2/3 of deaths from
chronic diseases
Energy ** ** the capacity to do work, comes from the Sun, measured as a calorie
Six classes of nutrients ** ** Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
Carbohydrates ** ** major source of calories in diet, main form of energy for cells
4 kcal/g
, Lipids ** ** comprised of animal fats and plant oils
9 kcal/g
Protein ** ** Main structural material of the body, major component of muscle
4 kcal/g
Vitamins ** ** enable chemical reactions to occur in the body
yields no energy
Minerals ** ** Nervous system function, water balance, component of structural systems,
metabolic and other cellular processes
yields no energy
Water ** ** solvent and lubricant, transports nutrients/waste, temperature regulation
yields no energy
Macronutrients ** ** Energy yielding nutrients (including water) needed in large amounts.
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein
Micronutrients ** ** Needed in relatively small amounts in the diet. Vitamins, Minerals
Phytochemicals ** ** Chemicals found in fruits and veggies, many provide health benefits but
are not considered essential nutrients
Factors that drive food choices ** ** Taste, price, convenience
5 pilars of a nutritious eating pattern ** ** Adequacy, Balance, Calorie control, Moderation,
Variety
Adequacy ** ** Providing all of the essential nutrients and energy in amounts sufficient to
maintain health and body weight
Balance ** ** Providing many different foods from within a food group
Calorie control ** ** Controlling energy intake
Moderation ** ** Providing food within set limits so as not to over consume
Variety ** ** Providing a whole selection of foods and eating from all of the food groups
