NR 509 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2023/2024 VERIFIED/UPDATED

1. Suspicious breast mass -A mobile mass that becomes fixed when the arm relaxes is attached to the ribs and intercostal muscles; if fixed when the hand is pressed against the hip, it is attached to the pectoral fascia. -Hard irregular poorly circumscribed nodules, fixed to the skin or underlying tissues, strongly suggest cancer 2. Risk for Breast cancer --Age -family history of breast/ovarian CA - inherited genetic mutations, -personal history of breast cancer - High levels of endogenous hormones - Breast tissue density - Proliferative lesions with atypia on breast biopsy, - duration of unopposed estrogen exposure related to early menarche -age of first full-term pregnancy - Late menopause. - Breastfeeding for less than 1 year, - Postmenopausal obesity -cigarette smoking, alcohol ingestion, - Physical inactivity, and type of contraception. 3. Characteristics of a breast cyst Soft to firm, round, mobile, often tender. 4. The best way to examine the lateral portion of the breast -Have pt roll onto the opposite hip -place her hand on her forehead. - keep shoulders pressed against the bed -palpate in the axilla, moving in a straight line down to the bra line, then move the fingers medially and palpate in a vertical strip up the chest to the clavicle. Continue in vertical overlapping strips until you reach the nipple 5. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) -Caused by overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria (often from sex) - Discharge: Gray or white, thin, homogenous, malodorous, coats the vaginal walls, usually not profuse, may be minimal - Fishy/musty genital odor -Normal vulva and vaginal mucosa -Scan saline wet mount for clue cells (epithelial cells with stippled borders); sniff for fishy odor after applying KOH ("whiff test"); test the vaginal secretions for pH 4.5