Clinical Microbiology Test Questions with 100% Complete Solutions, A+

Define the term Microbiology - The study of microorganisms and their relationships to the environment, humans and animals in disease Name the 5 classifications of microorganisms - Bacteria, Virus, Mycobacterium, Fungi, Parasites Blood agar is the most commonly used media in the clinical laboratory. What type of media is blood agar? - Enriched media, Differential media (detection of Beta-hemolytic organisms) List some agars that are generally used in stool cultures and what type they are - BAP - Enriched, Differential MAC - Selective, Differential Campy - Enriched, Selective Hektoen Enteric (HE) - Selective, Differential Mac Sorbitol - Enriched, Selective What media is used for Funal cultures? - Sabouraud's (Sabs) Inhibitory Mold (IMA) Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) What media is generally used for the cultivation of acid fast bacilli? - 7H11 7H11 Selective Explain the difference between Prokaryote and Eukaryote - Prokaryotes are bacteria that has free floating RNA and DNA floating within the cell whereas Eukaryotes have a true nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane What are the 3 basic shapes of bacterium - Cocci, Bacilli and Spirilla List the growth factor/conditions in order to grow bacteria in the lab - Atmosphere: Aerobic, Anaerobic, Facultative Anaerobic conditions Temperature: Psychrophiles, Mesophiles, Thermophiles pH: Acidic vs Alkalinity environment Osmotic Pressure: Isotonic conditions What are the 4 stages of the Microbial Growth Curve - Lag Phase: Introduction of bacteria into the environment Log (Exponential) Phase: Grow and multiply i.e.] 2,4,8,16,32,64,128 . . . Stationary Phase: When the nutrients are depleting and toxic by-products accumulate Decline (Death) Phase: Nutrients are totally depleted What is the difference between Normal and Transient Flora? - Normal flora are microorganisms that are permanent residents in certain parts of the body. Transient flora are organisms that we encounter everyday but do not attach permanently What normal flora is found on the skin? - Staph epidermidis Staph aureus Propionibacterium acnes (anaerobic)