Ocean 100 sacramentogrilo final exam Oceanography Questions and Answers

Ocean 100 sacramentogrilo final exam Oceanography Questions and Answers biological productivity - CORRECT ANSWER-synthesis of organic materials from inorganic substances by photosynthesis/chemosynthesis what are the inputs & outputs of photosynthesis? - CORRECT ANSWER-inputs: water, carbon dioxide, & sun energy outputs: sugar & oxygen (6H2O + 6CO2 + sunlight - C6H12O6 + 6O2) what are the different types of light penetration in the oceans? - CORRECT ANSWER1. red/orange = turned into heat energy b/c they cannot reach all the way down 2. green/blue/purple = farthest reaching light euphotic zone - CORRECT ANSWER-light zone; extends from the surface down to the compensation depth for photosynthesis, which is approx. 200m (330ft) in the open ocean what are the 3 broad groups of sea "plants"? - CORRECT ANSWER-1. seed plants (true plants) 2. protists 3. cyanobacteria seed plants (true plants) - CORRECT ANSWER-1. eukaryotic 2. occur exclusively in shallow coastal areas 3. typically found in high-energy environments (intertidal zones) 4. ex. grasses & mangroves protists - CORRECT ANSWER-1. eukaryotic 2. ex. large algae (brown, green, & red), phytoplankton, diatoms, coccolithophores, & dinoflagellates cyanobacteria - CORRECT ANSWER-1. prokaryotic 2. FIRST photosynthesizers (3.5bya) 3. ex. blue/green algae why are seed "plants" (true plants) all autotrophs? - CORRECT ANSWER-they produce their own food what is taken from algae for our use? which kind? - CORRECT ANSWER-carrageenan, which is used as a thickener & emulsifier, is derived from RED algae