NURS 230 Final Exam Questions With Verified
Answers
What is loss?
absence of something or someone that a person has formed an attachment to
What is grief?
emotional response to loss
What are some physical reactions to loss?
Tightness in the chest and throat, oversensitivity to noise, breathlessness, muscular weakness, lack of
energy, fatigue, sleep disturbances, changes in appetite
What are some emotional reactions to loss?
Numbness, loneliness, sadness, sorrow, guilt, shock, anxiety, depression, anger, agitation, lack of
interest or motivation, lower level of patience or tolerance
What are some cognitive reactions to loss?
Preoccupation with the deceased, forgetfulness, preoccupation with the loss, inability to concentrate
or to retain information, disorganization, feeling confused
What are some behavioral reactions to loss?
Crying, insomnia, restlessness, withdrawal, irritability, apathy, impaired work performance
What are the 5 stages of grief and loss by Kubler-Ross?
1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance
What are the stages in the model of grief by Bowlby?
1. Shock and numbness
2. Searching and yearning
3. Disorganization and repair
4. Reorganization
What are the stages of grief by Sheldon?
1. Initial shock
2. Pangs of grief
3. Despair
4. Adjustment
What is anticipatory grief?
the type of grief experienced before a loss occurs
What is mourning?
,the social expression of loss
What should you do if you you are helping an ethnic family during a loss?
Assess the family's beliefs about death
What are the tasks during the process during grief and mourning?
1. Accept reality of loss
2. Begin to work through the pain of grief
3. (Final) Emotionally relocate the deceases and move on with life
What is bereavement?
includes both grief and mourning and can be described as the inner feelings and outward expressions
that people experiencing loss are demonstrating.
What is complicated grief?
occurs when a person is not able to progress through the normal stages of grieving
What are some symptoms of complicated grief?
Intense longing for the deceased, denial of the death or sense of disbelief, and extreme anger or
bitterness over the loss
How long do grief symptoms last?
Over 6 months
What are types of death that put people at risk for complicated grief?
Trauma, suicide, homicide, or any unexpected death
What are the four types of complicated grief?
1. Chronic grief
2. Delayed grief
3. Masked grief
4. Exaggerated grief
What is chronic grief?
grief reactions that do not diminish over time and continue for an indefinite or very long period.
What is delayed grief?
conscious or unconscious suppression of the grief reaction to avoid the pain that has occurred with
the loss
What is masked grief?
unconscious behaviors that interfere with normal functioning that are concealing the actual grieving
process
What is exaggerated grief?
, grief overwhelms and person cannot function in daily life (unhealthy coping mechanisms with drugs
or alcohol)
What is disenfranchised grief?
encountered when a loss happens that cannot be openly acknowledged or publicly shared by the
grieving individual
Who are at risk for disenfranchised?
ex-spouses, ex-partners, friends, lovers, mistresses, co-workers, mothers of stillborn babies, and even
people who have terminated a pregnancy
What are some factors that affect an individuals grieving process?
- Age of bereaved
- Age of deceased
- Health status of the survivor
- Cognitive status of the survivor
- Relationship of the deceased
- Coping styles and concurrent stressors
- Available support systems
- Socioeconomic status
- Religion and spirituality
- Type of loss
What is a complicated loss?
occur with a sudden death or traumatic death
What is Atelectasis?
complete or partial collapse of a lung
What causes Atelectasis?
blockage or collapse of air passages in at least one lobe of the lungs
What is Acute pain?
Pain that results from an acute injury, has rapid onset, & short duration, subsides when the injury is
healed
What is cancer pain?
Pain that stems from cancer or cancer treatment (tumor pressing on bone or nerves, organ
obstruction, toxicity from chemo)
What is Noncancer pain?
Acute pain that proceeds to chronic pain and may be prolonged and potentially life threatening (ex:
whiplash injury, low back pain, osteoarthritis, sickle cell disease, neuralgia)
What is Chronic pain?
Lasts longer than 6 months, may be episodic or continuous, may cause disability
Answers
What is loss?
absence of something or someone that a person has formed an attachment to
What is grief?
emotional response to loss
What are some physical reactions to loss?
Tightness in the chest and throat, oversensitivity to noise, breathlessness, muscular weakness, lack of
energy, fatigue, sleep disturbances, changes in appetite
What are some emotional reactions to loss?
Numbness, loneliness, sadness, sorrow, guilt, shock, anxiety, depression, anger, agitation, lack of
interest or motivation, lower level of patience or tolerance
What are some cognitive reactions to loss?
Preoccupation with the deceased, forgetfulness, preoccupation with the loss, inability to concentrate
or to retain information, disorganization, feeling confused
What are some behavioral reactions to loss?
Crying, insomnia, restlessness, withdrawal, irritability, apathy, impaired work performance
What are the 5 stages of grief and loss by Kubler-Ross?
1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance
What are the stages in the model of grief by Bowlby?
1. Shock and numbness
2. Searching and yearning
3. Disorganization and repair
4. Reorganization
What are the stages of grief by Sheldon?
1. Initial shock
2. Pangs of grief
3. Despair
4. Adjustment
What is anticipatory grief?
the type of grief experienced before a loss occurs
What is mourning?
,the social expression of loss
What should you do if you you are helping an ethnic family during a loss?
Assess the family's beliefs about death
What are the tasks during the process during grief and mourning?
1. Accept reality of loss
2. Begin to work through the pain of grief
3. (Final) Emotionally relocate the deceases and move on with life
What is bereavement?
includes both grief and mourning and can be described as the inner feelings and outward expressions
that people experiencing loss are demonstrating.
What is complicated grief?
occurs when a person is not able to progress through the normal stages of grieving
What are some symptoms of complicated grief?
Intense longing for the deceased, denial of the death or sense of disbelief, and extreme anger or
bitterness over the loss
How long do grief symptoms last?
Over 6 months
What are types of death that put people at risk for complicated grief?
Trauma, suicide, homicide, or any unexpected death
What are the four types of complicated grief?
1. Chronic grief
2. Delayed grief
3. Masked grief
4. Exaggerated grief
What is chronic grief?
grief reactions that do not diminish over time and continue for an indefinite or very long period.
What is delayed grief?
conscious or unconscious suppression of the grief reaction to avoid the pain that has occurred with
the loss
What is masked grief?
unconscious behaviors that interfere with normal functioning that are concealing the actual grieving
process
What is exaggerated grief?
, grief overwhelms and person cannot function in daily life (unhealthy coping mechanisms with drugs
or alcohol)
What is disenfranchised grief?
encountered when a loss happens that cannot be openly acknowledged or publicly shared by the
grieving individual
Who are at risk for disenfranchised?
ex-spouses, ex-partners, friends, lovers, mistresses, co-workers, mothers of stillborn babies, and even
people who have terminated a pregnancy
What are some factors that affect an individuals grieving process?
- Age of bereaved
- Age of deceased
- Health status of the survivor
- Cognitive status of the survivor
- Relationship of the deceased
- Coping styles and concurrent stressors
- Available support systems
- Socioeconomic status
- Religion and spirituality
- Type of loss
What is a complicated loss?
occur with a sudden death or traumatic death
What is Atelectasis?
complete or partial collapse of a lung
What causes Atelectasis?
blockage or collapse of air passages in at least one lobe of the lungs
What is Acute pain?
Pain that results from an acute injury, has rapid onset, & short duration, subsides when the injury is
healed
What is cancer pain?
Pain that stems from cancer or cancer treatment (tumor pressing on bone or nerves, organ
obstruction, toxicity from chemo)
What is Noncancer pain?
Acute pain that proceeds to chronic pain and may be prolonged and potentially life threatening (ex:
whiplash injury, low back pain, osteoarthritis, sickle cell disease, neuralgia)
What is Chronic pain?
Lasts longer than 6 months, may be episodic or continuous, may cause disability
