NUR230 - Peds Cardiac Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Why do we need to assess a child's HR/RR for one full minute?
children do not a regular rhythm/rate
what is the difference between pulse and heart rate
heart rate is electrical
what is very important to know with regards to o2 saturation in a cardiac patient?
patient history!!! and anatomy/physiology
what are two complications of chronic hypoxemia?
clubbing of the fingers
more RBCS (increased risk for clots)
what parts of the body do you find cyanosis
mucous membranes
lips
nail beds
why is assessing for cyanosis even in children without known cardiac disease important?
sign of undiagnosed cardiac defect
where do you find evidence of dependent edema in a child who is hospitalized?
trunk
back of head (flattening)
what is an early sign of cardiac defects that brings children in to be checked?
reluctant feeding/lack of weight gain
failure to thrive
how many children within 1000 live births have congenital heart defects
5-8
what chromosomal abnormalities can result in heart defects?
down syndrome
trisomy 13/18
what are the four types of blood flow associated with congenital heart disease?
increased pulmonary pressure
decreased pulmonary pressure
obstructive
mixed
what type of infection can lead to rheumatic heart disease
, strep throat
how does blood flow thru the heart
from areas of high pressure to low pressure
path of least resistance
the left side of the heart
connected/pumped out to the body (systemic circulation)
high pressure system
the right side of the heart
connected to the lungs via the pulmonary valves
low pressure system
resistance from the left side of the heart causes __________ congestion
pulmonary
resistance from the right side of the heart causes ________ congestion
systemic
what two factors that can influence the result of an echocardiogram?
movement
sound
what are the two types of cardiac caths?
diagnostic
interventional
what are post procedure considerations after a cardiac cath?
what can be two causes of heart failure?
valve
hole
what are three major components of heart failure
impaired myocardial function (pumping)
pulmonary congestions (left)
system venous congestion (right)
what are the early signs of impaired myocardial function
tachycardia (compensatory)
difficulty feeding
what are the s/sx of left sided HF (pulmonary congestion)
tachypnea, tachycardia, retracting, flaring, activity intolerance
Correct Answers
Why do we need to assess a child's HR/RR for one full minute?
children do not a regular rhythm/rate
what is the difference between pulse and heart rate
heart rate is electrical
what is very important to know with regards to o2 saturation in a cardiac patient?
patient history!!! and anatomy/physiology
what are two complications of chronic hypoxemia?
clubbing of the fingers
more RBCS (increased risk for clots)
what parts of the body do you find cyanosis
mucous membranes
lips
nail beds
why is assessing for cyanosis even in children without known cardiac disease important?
sign of undiagnosed cardiac defect
where do you find evidence of dependent edema in a child who is hospitalized?
trunk
back of head (flattening)
what is an early sign of cardiac defects that brings children in to be checked?
reluctant feeding/lack of weight gain
failure to thrive
how many children within 1000 live births have congenital heart defects
5-8
what chromosomal abnormalities can result in heart defects?
down syndrome
trisomy 13/18
what are the four types of blood flow associated with congenital heart disease?
increased pulmonary pressure
decreased pulmonary pressure
obstructive
mixed
what type of infection can lead to rheumatic heart disease
, strep throat
how does blood flow thru the heart
from areas of high pressure to low pressure
path of least resistance
the left side of the heart
connected/pumped out to the body (systemic circulation)
high pressure system
the right side of the heart
connected to the lungs via the pulmonary valves
low pressure system
resistance from the left side of the heart causes __________ congestion
pulmonary
resistance from the right side of the heart causes ________ congestion
systemic
what two factors that can influence the result of an echocardiogram?
movement
sound
what are the two types of cardiac caths?
diagnostic
interventional
what are post procedure considerations after a cardiac cath?
what can be two causes of heart failure?
valve
hole
what are three major components of heart failure
impaired myocardial function (pumping)
pulmonary congestions (left)
system venous congestion (right)
what are the early signs of impaired myocardial function
tachycardia (compensatory)
difficulty feeding
what are the s/sx of left sided HF (pulmonary congestion)
tachypnea, tachycardia, retracting, flaring, activity intolerance
