Milady Esthetics Chapter 8 Exam Questions
With Answers
Electricity
the movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy. It is a form of energy that, when
in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical or thermal effects.
Electric current
the flow of electricity along a conductor in a complete circuit
conductor
any material that easily conducts electricity (ex: water, metal)
Metals are good conductors; Copper is a particularly good conductor use in electric wiring and electric
motors.
insulator
(non-conductor): a substance that does not conduct electricity (ex: rubber, glass, silk, wood, cement)
complete electric circuit
the path of an electric current from generating source through conductors and back to its original
source or to the ground.
circuit breaker
a switch that automatically interrupts or shut off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload.
fuse
prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit; it is designed to blowout of melt
Direct current (DC)
a constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only (ex: flashlight, cellphones, cordless
hand-held devices)
Converter
an apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current
alternating current (AC)
a rapid and interrupted current, flowing in one direction and then in the opposite direction (ex:
appliances that use a plug)
rectifier
an apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current
electric wires
a compose of twisted metal threads (conductor) covered with rubber (insulator)
, volt (v) or voltage
the unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through
conductor.
ampere (A) or amp
the unit that measures the amount of electric current (the number of electrons flowing through a
conductor)
Milliampere (mA)
one-thousandth of an ampere; the current of facial and scalp treatment is measure in milliampere
(mA)
Ohm (O)
a unit that measures the resistance of an electric current
Watt (W)
a measurement of how much electric energy is being used in 1 second
Kilowatt (K)
1000 watts
grounding
an important way of promoting electric safety; all electrical appliances must have at least two
electrical connections.
The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground.
The live connection supplies current to the circuit.
Electrotherapy
commonly referred to electrical facial treatments (the use of electrical devices to treat the skin and
for therapeutic benefits);
Electrotherapy devices always have one negative charged pole and one positive charged pole,
required two electrodes (except Tesla high frequency)
modalities
current used in electrical facial and scalp treatments
electrode or probe
is an applicator for directing electric current from the device to the skin (figure 8-11)
galvanic current
a constant and direct current (DC); it has a positive and negative pole and produces chemical changes
when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body (figure 8-1)
active electrode
the electrode used on the area being treated
With Answers
Electricity
the movement of particles around an atom that creates pure energy. It is a form of energy that, when
in motion, exhibits magnetic, chemical or thermal effects.
Electric current
the flow of electricity along a conductor in a complete circuit
conductor
any material that easily conducts electricity (ex: water, metal)
Metals are good conductors; Copper is a particularly good conductor use in electric wiring and electric
motors.
insulator
(non-conductor): a substance that does not conduct electricity (ex: rubber, glass, silk, wood, cement)
complete electric circuit
the path of an electric current from generating source through conductors and back to its original
source or to the ground.
circuit breaker
a switch that automatically interrupts or shut off an electric circuit at the first indication of overload.
fuse
prevents excessive current from passing through a circuit; it is designed to blowout of melt
Direct current (DC)
a constant, even-flowing current that travels in one direction only (ex: flashlight, cellphones, cordless
hand-held devices)
Converter
an apparatus that changes direct current to alternating current
alternating current (AC)
a rapid and interrupted current, flowing in one direction and then in the opposite direction (ex:
appliances that use a plug)
rectifier
an apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current
electric wires
a compose of twisted metal threads (conductor) covered with rubber (insulator)
, volt (v) or voltage
the unit that measures the pressure or force that pushes the flow of electrons forward through
conductor.
ampere (A) or amp
the unit that measures the amount of electric current (the number of electrons flowing through a
conductor)
Milliampere (mA)
one-thousandth of an ampere; the current of facial and scalp treatment is measure in milliampere
(mA)
Ohm (O)
a unit that measures the resistance of an electric current
Watt (W)
a measurement of how much electric energy is being used in 1 second
Kilowatt (K)
1000 watts
grounding
an important way of promoting electric safety; all electrical appliances must have at least two
electrical connections.
The ground connection completes the circuit and carries the current safely away to the ground.
The live connection supplies current to the circuit.
Electrotherapy
commonly referred to electrical facial treatments (the use of electrical devices to treat the skin and
for therapeutic benefits);
Electrotherapy devices always have one negative charged pole and one positive charged pole,
required two electrodes (except Tesla high frequency)
modalities
current used in electrical facial and scalp treatments
electrode or probe
is an applicator for directing electric current from the device to the skin (figure 8-11)
galvanic current
a constant and direct current (DC); it has a positive and negative pole and produces chemical changes
when it passes through the tissues and fluids of the body (figure 8-1)
active electrode
the electrode used on the area being treated
