Cell Cycle and Cell Division Latest 2024 Graded A

Cell Cycle and Cell Division Latest 2024 Graded A Cell Cycle ✔✔An ordered sequence of events in the life of a cell Mitosis ✔✔A process of nuclear division in eukaryot ic cells conventionally divided into five stages: prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis conserves chromosome number by allocating replicated chromosomes equally to each of the daughter nuclei. Cytokinesis ✔✔The division of th e cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells immediately after mitosis, meiosis I, or meiosis II. Cell Division ✔✔The reproduction of cells Chromosomes ✔✔A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each ch romosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins Chromatin ✔✔The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes. When the cell is not dividing, chromatin exists in its dispersed form, as a mass of very long, thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope Somatic Cells ✔✔Any cell in a multicellular organism except a sperm or egg or their precursors. Gametes ✔✔A haploid reproductive cell, such as an egg or sperm. Gametes unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote. Sister Chromatids ✔✔Two copies of a duplicated chromosome attached to each other by proteis at the centromere and sometimes, along the arms. While joined, two sister chromatids make up one chromosome. Chromatids are eventually s eparated during mitosis or meiosis II Centromere ✔✔In a duplicated chromosome, the region on each sister chromatid where they are most closely attached to each other by proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences; this close attachment causes a constrict ion in the condensed chromosome. (An uncondensed, unduplicated chromosome has a single centromere, identified by its DNA sequence.) How many chromatids are in a duplicated chromosome? ✔✔2