Basic Fundamentals Physiological Aspects
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
A visitor in the waiting room of the emergency department has a syncopal
episode and collapses on the floor. The event is witnessed by a nurse,
who provides initial care. The nurse assessed the client, maintained safety
of the environment, and gave a report to the emergency department nurse,
who will provide ongoing care. What should the nurse who witnessed the
event do next?
1. Contact the family
2. Document the incident
3. Report the incident to the nurse manager
4. Escort the client to the radiology department
- Correct answer- 2. Document the incident
What factors are most important for the nurse to consider when delegating
responsibilities?
1. Preferences of the clients and staff
2. Physical layout of the unit and client rooms
3. Staff member's level of education and expertise
4. Client's diagnosis and length of time in the hospital
- Correct answer- 3. Staff member's level of education and expertise
The nurse is caring for a client who is on a low carbohydrate diet. With this
diet, there is decreased glucose available for energy, and fat is metabolized
for energy resulting in an increased production of which substance in the
urine?
, Basic Fundamentals Physiological Aspects
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
1. Protein
2. Glucose
3. Ketones
4. Uric acid
- Correct answer- 3. Ketones
A nurse provides teaching for a client who is scheduled for a
cholecystectomy. In the initial postoperative period, the nurse explains that
the
most important part of the treatment plan is:
1. Early ambulation
2. Coughing and deep breathing
3. Wearing anti-embolic elastic stockings
4. Maintenance of a nasogastric tube
- Correct answer- 2. Coughing and deep breathing
A health care provider prescribes famotidine (Pepcid) and magnesium
hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide (Maalox) for a client with a peptic ulcer.
The nurse should teach the client to take the Maalox at what time?
1. Only at bedtime, when famotidine is not taken.
2. Only if famotidine is ineffective.
3. At the same time as famotidine, with a full glass or water
4. One hour before or two hours after famotidine
- Correct answer- 4. One hour before or two hours after famotidine
, Basic Fundamentals Physiological Aspects
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
An intravenous (IV) solution of 1000 mL 5% dextrose in water is to be
infused at 125 mL/hr to correct a client's fluid imbalance. The infusion set
delivers 15 drops/mL.
To ensure that the solution will infuse over an eight-hour period, at how
many drops per minute should the nurse set the rate of flow?
Record the answer using a whole number. ______ gtts/min
- Correct answer- Use the following formula to solve the problem. Drops
per minute = total volume in drops (total mL x drop factor)/Total time in
minutes (hours x 60)
Drops per minute = 1000 mL x 15/8 x 60 = 15,000/480 = 31.25 = 31
gtts/min
When caring for a client with varicella and disseminated herpes zoster, the
nurse should implement which types of precautions? (Select all that apply.)
1 . Airborne
2. Contact
3. Droplet
4 . Hazardous Wastes
5 . Standard
- Correct answer- 5 . Standard
1 . Airborne
2. Contact
, Basic Fundamentals Physiological Aspects
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
What clinical indicators should the nurse expect a client with hyperkalemia
to exhibit? (Select all that apply.)
1 .Tetany
2 . Seizures
3 . Diarrhea
4 . Weakness
5 . Dysrhythmias
- Correct answer- 3 . Diarrhea
4 . Weakness
5 . Dysrhythmias
The intake and output of a client over an eight-hour period is: 0800:
Intravenous (IV) infusing; 900 mL left in bag; 0830: 150 mL voided;
From 0900-1500 time period: 200 mL gastric tube formula + 50 mL water;
Repeated x 2.; 1300: 220 mL voided; 1515: 235 mL voided;
1600: IV has 550 mL left in bag. What is the difference between the client's
intake and output? Record the answer using a whole number. _________
mL
- Correct answer- Intake includes 350 mL of IV fluid, 600 mL of
nasogastric intubation (NGT) feeding, and 150 mL of water via NGT, for a
total intake of 1100 mL;
output includes voidings of 150, 220, and 235 mL, for a total output of 605
mL. Subtract 605 mL from 1100 mL for a difference of 495 mL.
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
A visitor in the waiting room of the emergency department has a syncopal
episode and collapses on the floor. The event is witnessed by a nurse,
who provides initial care. The nurse assessed the client, maintained safety
of the environment, and gave a report to the emergency department nurse,
who will provide ongoing care. What should the nurse who witnessed the
event do next?
1. Contact the family
2. Document the incident
3. Report the incident to the nurse manager
4. Escort the client to the radiology department
- Correct answer- 2. Document the incident
What factors are most important for the nurse to consider when delegating
responsibilities?
1. Preferences of the clients and staff
2. Physical layout of the unit and client rooms
3. Staff member's level of education and expertise
4. Client's diagnosis and length of time in the hospital
- Correct answer- 3. Staff member's level of education and expertise
The nurse is caring for a client who is on a low carbohydrate diet. With this
diet, there is decreased glucose available for energy, and fat is metabolized
for energy resulting in an increased production of which substance in the
urine?
, Basic Fundamentals Physiological Aspects
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
1. Protein
2. Glucose
3. Ketones
4. Uric acid
- Correct answer- 3. Ketones
A nurse provides teaching for a client who is scheduled for a
cholecystectomy. In the initial postoperative period, the nurse explains that
the
most important part of the treatment plan is:
1. Early ambulation
2. Coughing and deep breathing
3. Wearing anti-embolic elastic stockings
4. Maintenance of a nasogastric tube
- Correct answer- 2. Coughing and deep breathing
A health care provider prescribes famotidine (Pepcid) and magnesium
hydroxide/aluminum hydroxide (Maalox) for a client with a peptic ulcer.
The nurse should teach the client to take the Maalox at what time?
1. Only at bedtime, when famotidine is not taken.
2. Only if famotidine is ineffective.
3. At the same time as famotidine, with a full glass or water
4. One hour before or two hours after famotidine
- Correct answer- 4. One hour before or two hours after famotidine
, Basic Fundamentals Physiological Aspects
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
An intravenous (IV) solution of 1000 mL 5% dextrose in water is to be
infused at 125 mL/hr to correct a client's fluid imbalance. The infusion set
delivers 15 drops/mL.
To ensure that the solution will infuse over an eight-hour period, at how
many drops per minute should the nurse set the rate of flow?
Record the answer using a whole number. ______ gtts/min
- Correct answer- Use the following formula to solve the problem. Drops
per minute = total volume in drops (total mL x drop factor)/Total time in
minutes (hours x 60)
Drops per minute = 1000 mL x 15/8 x 60 = 15,000/480 = 31.25 = 31
gtts/min
When caring for a client with varicella and disseminated herpes zoster, the
nurse should implement which types of precautions? (Select all that apply.)
1 . Airborne
2. Contact
3. Droplet
4 . Hazardous Wastes
5 . Standard
- Correct answer- 5 . Standard
1 . Airborne
2. Contact
, Basic Fundamentals Physiological Aspects
Exam Questions with Verified Solutions
2023-2024 Update.
What clinical indicators should the nurse expect a client with hyperkalemia
to exhibit? (Select all that apply.)
1 .Tetany
2 . Seizures
3 . Diarrhea
4 . Weakness
5 . Dysrhythmias
- Correct answer- 3 . Diarrhea
4 . Weakness
5 . Dysrhythmias
The intake and output of a client over an eight-hour period is: 0800:
Intravenous (IV) infusing; 900 mL left in bag; 0830: 150 mL voided;
From 0900-1500 time period: 200 mL gastric tube formula + 50 mL water;
Repeated x 2.; 1300: 220 mL voided; 1515: 235 mL voided;
1600: IV has 550 mL left in bag. What is the difference between the client's
intake and output? Record the answer using a whole number. _________
mL
- Correct answer- Intake includes 350 mL of IV fluid, 600 mL of
nasogastric intubation (NGT) feeding, and 150 mL of water via NGT, for a
total intake of 1100 mL;
output includes voidings of 150, 220, and 235 mL, for a total output of 605
mL. Subtract 605 mL from 1100 mL for a difference of 495 mL.
