INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY
SOCI 0101
1
LINDA MUTHAURA
,SOCIOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIOLOGY
What is sociology? ............................................................................................................ 5
Sociological Imagination ................................................................................................... 6
Sociology as a science ........................................................................................................ 8
Sociology and related disciplines ..................................................................................... 10
The significance of Sociology .......................................................................................... 13
Development of sociology ............................................................................................... 17
Theoretical perspectives .................................................................................................. 24
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION ...................................................................................... 30
Understanding social stratification ................................................................................... 32
Types of social stratification ............................................................................................ 33
Sociological Perspectives on Stratification ...................................................................... 37
Karl Marx’s View of Class Differentiation ...................................................................... 37
Max Weber’s View of Stratification ................................................................................ 38
DEVIANCE, CRIME, AND SOCIAL CONTROL ..................................................... 41
Understanding deviance ................................................................................................... 42
Functionalist Perspective of Deviance .............................................................................. 43
2
,Crime .............................................................................................................................. 49
Sanctions and social control ............................................................................................ 53
CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION ............................................................................ 61
Understanding Culture .................................................................................................... 62
Development of culture ................................................................................................... 64
Norms and values ............................................................................................................ 66
Agents of socialization .................................................................................................... 70
FAMILY AND GENDER ............................................................................................. 76
Understanding types of family.......................................................................................... 77
Residency and Lines of Descent ...................................................................................... 78
Sociological Perspectives on the Family .......................................................................... 79
Gender ............................................................................................................................ 84
Sociological Perspectives on Gender ............................................................................... 85
Sexism and Sex Discrimination ....................................................................................... 88
RELIGION .................................................................................................................... 91
Religion .......................................................................................................................... 93
Sociological Perspectives on Religion ............................................................................. 95
Religious Organizations ................................................................................................ 100
3
, SOCIOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIOLOGY
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives
1.3 What is sociology
1.3.1 Sociological Imagination
1.3.2 Is sociology common sense?
1.4 Sociology as a science
1.5 Sociology and related disciplines
1.5.1 Sociology vs. Psychology
1.5.2 Sociology vs. mass communication
1.5.3 Sociology vs. history
1.5.4 Sociology vs. biology
1.6 The significance of Sociology
1.6.1 Self-enlightenment
1.6.2 Explaining social phenomena
1.6.3 Research
1.6.4 Human resource management
1.6.5 Social engineering
1.6.6 Policy design and implementation
4
SOCI 0101
1
LINDA MUTHAURA
,SOCIOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIOLOGY
What is sociology? ............................................................................................................ 5
Sociological Imagination ................................................................................................... 6
Sociology as a science ........................................................................................................ 8
Sociology and related disciplines ..................................................................................... 10
The significance of Sociology .......................................................................................... 13
Development of sociology ............................................................................................... 17
Theoretical perspectives .................................................................................................. 24
SOCIAL STRATIFICATION ...................................................................................... 30
Understanding social stratification ................................................................................... 32
Types of social stratification ............................................................................................ 33
Sociological Perspectives on Stratification ...................................................................... 37
Karl Marx’s View of Class Differentiation ...................................................................... 37
Max Weber’s View of Stratification ................................................................................ 38
DEVIANCE, CRIME, AND SOCIAL CONTROL ..................................................... 41
Understanding deviance ................................................................................................... 42
Functionalist Perspective of Deviance .............................................................................. 43
2
,Crime .............................................................................................................................. 49
Sanctions and social control ............................................................................................ 53
CULTURE AND SOCIALIZATION ............................................................................ 61
Understanding Culture .................................................................................................... 62
Development of culture ................................................................................................... 64
Norms and values ............................................................................................................ 66
Agents of socialization .................................................................................................... 70
FAMILY AND GENDER ............................................................................................. 76
Understanding types of family.......................................................................................... 77
Residency and Lines of Descent ...................................................................................... 78
Sociological Perspectives on the Family .......................................................................... 79
Gender ............................................................................................................................ 84
Sociological Perspectives on Gender ............................................................................... 85
Sexism and Sex Discrimination ....................................................................................... 88
RELIGION .................................................................................................................... 91
Religion .......................................................................................................................... 93
Sociological Perspectives on Religion ............................................................................. 95
Religious Organizations ................................................................................................ 100
3
, SOCIOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIOLOGY
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Objectives
1.3 What is sociology
1.3.1 Sociological Imagination
1.3.2 Is sociology common sense?
1.4 Sociology as a science
1.5 Sociology and related disciplines
1.5.1 Sociology vs. Psychology
1.5.2 Sociology vs. mass communication
1.5.3 Sociology vs. history
1.5.4 Sociology vs. biology
1.6 The significance of Sociology
1.6.1 Self-enlightenment
1.6.2 Explaining social phenomena
1.6.3 Research
1.6.4 Human resource management
1.6.5 Social engineering
1.6.6 Policy design and implementation
4
