Child Life Exam Study Guide 2021
What is the most effective way to teach volunteers? **** powerpoint and printouts
What is an effective orientation style? **** handouts, audio-visual formations, active
involvement format
Volunteer job descriptions should do what? **** clarify expectations and responsibilities
How to supervise volunteers? **** give feedback when appropriate, not just during
scheduled meetings
When was the CLC founded? **** 1982
Who is Emma Plank, what did she do, and when? **** -1955: Emma Plank was asked
by Dr. Fred Robbins (Nobel Laureate) to create a program to address the social,
emotional and educational needs of hospitalized children at Cleveland City Hospital.
-Served as director for child life and edu until 1972
-1962: Authored the book "Working with Children in Hospitals"
What happened in 1983? **** Phoenix Research Project began at Phoenix Children's
Hospital, funded by ACCH. Results of the study became the theoretical framework and
justification for child life practice.
What happened in 1998? **** Professional certification by method of examination was
established
What happened in 2016? **** ACLP implemented the Child Life Internship Accreditation
Program
What are the types of child life programs? (4) **** -comprehensive
-child development
-therapeutic
-diversion based
What is a comprehensive child life program? **** type of program that uses a multi-
modal service approach to include family centered care, environmental normalization,
socialization, and expression of the child's feelings
,What is a child development child life program? **** program that emphasizes activities
that support and facilitate age specific developmental accomplishments and
experiences
therapeutic child life program **** focuses on children's coping with imagined fears
(fantasies) and emotions related to various experiences
diversion based child life program **** limited largely to attention management
approaches that inhibit a child's anxieties related to specific events
How is the child life budget broken down? **** -salary and benefits
-supplies
-purchased services
-repairs and maintenance
-(the most expensive cost of a child life employee, second to salary, is employee
benefits)
Child life is out of an operating budget **** child life programs are normally financed out
of a hospital's operating budget, often referred to as "hard" money
What is benchmarking **** taking a given organization's performance metrics and
comparing those to a standard developed using data from other similar organizations.
Leaders are benchmarking to learn where an organization is performing well against its
peers, and where it needs improvement
Types of documentation **** -SOAP (subjective, objective, assessment, plan)
-Narrative
-APIE (assessment, plan, intervention, evaluation)
what is "word-thing" confusion? **** the idea that words can stimulate images and
feelings that are so intense that they can replace reality. (ex: the word "surgery" can
frighten children and parents so much with the images of pain and suffering that it
obscures recovery and the reason for surgery)
What are allness errors? **** the tendency to use absolutes. (ex: "you always..." "all
nurses are...")
Experimental vs. Correlational **** -Experimental research is the observation between
the introduced variable--the independent variable-- under controlled environments
-Correlational research is the observation of two variables to see if there is a relation
between them, being positive or negative
Qualitative **** descriptive, non-numerical data
Quantitative **** numbers, statistics, structure
, Descriptive Research **** research that describes a phenomenon, focuses more on
what than why or how something has happened.
-the idea behind this research is to study frequencies, averages, and other statistical
calculations. Although this research is highly accurate, it doesn't gather the causes
behind the situation.
-mainly done when a researcher wants to gain a better understanding of a topic
correlational research **** type of non-experimental research method in which a
researcher measures two variables, understands and assesses the statistical
relationship between them
Experimental research **** a study that strictly adheres to a scientific research design.
-includes a hypothesis, a variable that can be manipulated by the researcher, and
variables that can be measured, calculated, and compared
Longitudinal Research **** type of correlational research that involves looking at
variables over an extended period of time
Cross-sectional research **** looking at data from a population at one specific point in
time (ex: researchers studying developmental psychology might select groups of people
who are different ages but investigate them at one point in time. By doing this, any
differences between the age groups can presumably be attributed to age differences
rather than something that happened over time)
Categories of permissible research on children **** -no greater than minimal
-more than minimal
-minor increase over minimal
-same as previous 3 categories
Consent for research must be given from both parents unless... **** -one is deceased
-one is incompetent
-one is indefinitely absent
-one has full custody
Child assent can sometimes be waived if... **** it is seen that the child will directly
benefit from the research being done
What is the International Review Board (IRB)? **** Reviews research projects on
children and may decide when an assent is required, can be waived, or when both
parents are required to consent (Meeting Children's Needs, pg.484)
Belmont Report **** known as the "common rule" for researching human subjects,
developed as a presidential commissions report on biomedical and behavioral research
Types of coping **** -problem focused
-emotion focused
What is the most effective way to teach volunteers? **** powerpoint and printouts
What is an effective orientation style? **** handouts, audio-visual formations, active
involvement format
Volunteer job descriptions should do what? **** clarify expectations and responsibilities
How to supervise volunteers? **** give feedback when appropriate, not just during
scheduled meetings
When was the CLC founded? **** 1982
Who is Emma Plank, what did she do, and when? **** -1955: Emma Plank was asked
by Dr. Fred Robbins (Nobel Laureate) to create a program to address the social,
emotional and educational needs of hospitalized children at Cleveland City Hospital.
-Served as director for child life and edu until 1972
-1962: Authored the book "Working with Children in Hospitals"
What happened in 1983? **** Phoenix Research Project began at Phoenix Children's
Hospital, funded by ACCH. Results of the study became the theoretical framework and
justification for child life practice.
What happened in 1998? **** Professional certification by method of examination was
established
What happened in 2016? **** ACLP implemented the Child Life Internship Accreditation
Program
What are the types of child life programs? (4) **** -comprehensive
-child development
-therapeutic
-diversion based
What is a comprehensive child life program? **** type of program that uses a multi-
modal service approach to include family centered care, environmental normalization,
socialization, and expression of the child's feelings
,What is a child development child life program? **** program that emphasizes activities
that support and facilitate age specific developmental accomplishments and
experiences
therapeutic child life program **** focuses on children's coping with imagined fears
(fantasies) and emotions related to various experiences
diversion based child life program **** limited largely to attention management
approaches that inhibit a child's anxieties related to specific events
How is the child life budget broken down? **** -salary and benefits
-supplies
-purchased services
-repairs and maintenance
-(the most expensive cost of a child life employee, second to salary, is employee
benefits)
Child life is out of an operating budget **** child life programs are normally financed out
of a hospital's operating budget, often referred to as "hard" money
What is benchmarking **** taking a given organization's performance metrics and
comparing those to a standard developed using data from other similar organizations.
Leaders are benchmarking to learn where an organization is performing well against its
peers, and where it needs improvement
Types of documentation **** -SOAP (subjective, objective, assessment, plan)
-Narrative
-APIE (assessment, plan, intervention, evaluation)
what is "word-thing" confusion? **** the idea that words can stimulate images and
feelings that are so intense that they can replace reality. (ex: the word "surgery" can
frighten children and parents so much with the images of pain and suffering that it
obscures recovery and the reason for surgery)
What are allness errors? **** the tendency to use absolutes. (ex: "you always..." "all
nurses are...")
Experimental vs. Correlational **** -Experimental research is the observation between
the introduced variable--the independent variable-- under controlled environments
-Correlational research is the observation of two variables to see if there is a relation
between them, being positive or negative
Qualitative **** descriptive, non-numerical data
Quantitative **** numbers, statistics, structure
, Descriptive Research **** research that describes a phenomenon, focuses more on
what than why or how something has happened.
-the idea behind this research is to study frequencies, averages, and other statistical
calculations. Although this research is highly accurate, it doesn't gather the causes
behind the situation.
-mainly done when a researcher wants to gain a better understanding of a topic
correlational research **** type of non-experimental research method in which a
researcher measures two variables, understands and assesses the statistical
relationship between them
Experimental research **** a study that strictly adheres to a scientific research design.
-includes a hypothesis, a variable that can be manipulated by the researcher, and
variables that can be measured, calculated, and compared
Longitudinal Research **** type of correlational research that involves looking at
variables over an extended period of time
Cross-sectional research **** looking at data from a population at one specific point in
time (ex: researchers studying developmental psychology might select groups of people
who are different ages but investigate them at one point in time. By doing this, any
differences between the age groups can presumably be attributed to age differences
rather than something that happened over time)
Categories of permissible research on children **** -no greater than minimal
-more than minimal
-minor increase over minimal
-same as previous 3 categories
Consent for research must be given from both parents unless... **** -one is deceased
-one is incompetent
-one is indefinitely absent
-one has full custody
Child assent can sometimes be waived if... **** it is seen that the child will directly
benefit from the research being done
What is the International Review Board (IRB)? **** Reviews research projects on
children and may decide when an assent is required, can be waived, or when both
parents are required to consent (Meeting Children's Needs, pg.484)
Belmont Report **** known as the "common rule" for researching human subjects,
developed as a presidential commissions report on biomedical and behavioral research
Types of coping **** -problem focused
-emotion focused
