Organic Chemistry - Final Exam 100% Correct!!

Name the 6 polar aprotic solvents - ANSWERacetone, acetonitrile, DMSO, DMF, HMPA, THF Name the 5 polar protic solvents - ANSWERacetic acid, ethanol, formic acid, methanol, water ______ and ______ mechanisms are two step reactions that have _____ intermediates. - ANSWERSN1; E1; 2 Intermediates each ______ and ______ mechanisms are one step reactions that have _____ intermediates. - ANSWERSN2; E2; 1 Intermediate each Allylic - ANSWERresonance stabilized (carbon bonded directly to a C=C) ______ always proceeds with a backside attack, causing an inversion of configuration at the stereogenic center. The _______ and _______ group are 180° from each other. - ANSWERSN2; Nucleophile; leaving group During an SN2 reaction, what happens during the backside attack of a ring? - ANSWERConverts starting material with a cis group to being trans What is the process to determining which product of a (beta) elimination reaction is the major/minor? - ANSWERFirst apply the Zaitsev rule (the major product has the more substituted double bond); If a mixture of stereoisomers is possible, the major product is the more stable stereoisomer. Reaction Check List - ANSWERSN1: ∧Nucl, ∨Base - 3°, Protic (not 1°) SN2: ∧Nucl, ∨Base - 1°, Aprotic, (not 3°) E1: Bulky/Nonnucl. Base - 3°, ∨Base, Protic, (not 1°) E2: Bulky/Nonnucl. Base - 3°, ∧Base, Aprotic, (not 1°) When determining the more stable stereoisomer (to find the major product), what are 4 possible areas to look at? - ANSWER1) If E2: Have to be anti-periplanar 2) If E1: Determine the more stable carbocation by higher R substitution 3) Alkene more stable when more R groups 4) Trans Cis Alkyne Synthesis is done with what type of reaction mechanism? How? - ANSWERE2;