BIOL 191 EXAM 1 Questions & Answers 100% Verified!!

What are the five Hardy-‐Weinberg conditions ? - ANSWER What is the difference between the founder effect and the bottleneck effect? - ANSWERThe bottleneck effect is a something that happens that reduces a population such as a disaster. If there is a drought then only some population will be able to survive. A founder effect is an event of a small population finding a new population to settle down in. The main difference in the two is that bottleneck effect is because something drastic has changed a population and the founder effect is to find a new region or environment. What are the three main conditions necessary for natural selection? - ANSWER1. Variation 2. Competetion 3. Reproduction In your own words, explain the biological species concept. - ANSWERThe biological species concept is the potential of interbreeding but they need to be able to produce healthy fertile offspring. However, they are re productively isolated and cannot reproduce with other groups. What are two problems with the biological species concept? - ANSWER1. Hybridization- for example in class we talked about a donkey and hoarse reproducing and having a mule. Although they were able to reproduce and interbreed. Their offspring now was a hybridized mule who cannot reproduce. 2. Asexual reproduction- a single organism is not reproducing sexually they are reproducing identical copies. This hurts the concept because there is no sexual reproducing happening between 2 organisms. What is the difference between pre and post-‐zygotic isolating mechanisms? - ANSWERPrezygotic isolating mechanisms prevent successful fertilization, while post zygotic isolating mechanisms result in the production of a zygote, but that zygote can be inviable, infertile, or weak. What is the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation? - ANSWERAllopatric speciation occurs when there is geographical isolation, while sympatric speciation occurs within the same geographical region. Suppose a population of horses has a gene for coat color, with two alleles, B and b. The frequency of B alleles in the population is 0.25. What is the frequency of the b