APSC 151 Midterm Exam Study Guide |
100% Correct | Verified | 2024 Version
Compared to the age of the Universe of about 14 billion years, the currently accepted age of Earth is
about ________ years as determined by using radioactivity for dating rocks and minerals.
A) 4.6 thousand
B) 4.6 billion
C) 5.4 million
D) 13.7 billion - ✔✔B
The ________ division of the geologic time scale is an era of the Phanerozoic Eon.
A) Paleocene
B) Paleozoic
C) Permian
D) Proterozoic - ✔✔B
The Earth's core was formed from ________.
A) a massive nickel iron asteroid that was the nucleus upon which Earth condensed
B) high density radioactive carbon
C) the left over nickel and iron that would not fit into the earlier formed crust and mantle
D) molten iron and nickel that separated from silicates and sank due to its higher density - ✔✔D
,Pangaea was ________.
A) a large, ocean basin that opened in the Triassic and closed in the Paleocene
B) a large, Precambrian shield area in Africa and South America that broke apart late in the Proterozoic
Eon
C) a huge mountain range that formed when Africa pushed northward into Europe in Eocene time
D) a super continent that formed in the late Paleozoic and broke apart in Triassic time - ✔✔D
The oceanic crust is made of mafic rock called ________ and is about ________ thick on average
A) basalt, 7 km
B) marine sedimentary rocks, 25 km
C) basalt, 70 km
D) granite, 35-40 km - ✔✔A
The composition of the upper mantle of Earth is thought to be
A) basalt
B) granite
C) peridotite
D) iron-nickel alloy - ✔✔C
Which one of the following statements is not correct?
A) Metamorphic rocks may melt to magma.
B) Sedimentary rocks may weather to igneous rocks.
,C) Magmas crystallize to form igneous rocks.
D) Igneous rocks can undergo metamorphism - ✔✔B
________ rocks form by crystallization and consolidation of molten magma
A) Sedimentary
B) Indigenous
C) Primary
D) Igneous - ✔✔D
________ rocks always originate at the surface of the Earth.
A) Secondary
B) Igneous
C) Metamorphic
D) Sedimentary - ✔✔D
The top of the asthenosphere is closest to the surface ________.
A) along a mid-ocean ridge
B) along the length of a deep mantle plume
C) along a transform fault
D) along a subduction zone - ✔✔A
Deep ocean trenches are surficial evidence for ________.
A) rifting beneath a continental plate and the beginning of continental drift
, B) sinking of oceanic lithosphere into the mantle at subduction zones
C) rising of hot asthenosphere from deep in the mantle
D) transform faulting between an oceanic plate and a continental plate - ✔✔B
Plates are sliding past one another horizontally along a ________ plate boundary.
A) Transform
B) convergent
C) divergent
D) subduction - ✔✔A
The true colour of a mineral as seen in its powdered form is called it's ________.
A) Birefringence
B) chatoyancy
C) iridescence
D) streak - ✔✔D
Which one of the following minerals has the greatest hardness on the Mohs hardness scale?
A) Feldspar
B) calcite
C) gypsum
D) topaz - ✔✔D
Which of the following best defines a mineral and a rock?
100% Correct | Verified | 2024 Version
Compared to the age of the Universe of about 14 billion years, the currently accepted age of Earth is
about ________ years as determined by using radioactivity for dating rocks and minerals.
A) 4.6 thousand
B) 4.6 billion
C) 5.4 million
D) 13.7 billion - ✔✔B
The ________ division of the geologic time scale is an era of the Phanerozoic Eon.
A) Paleocene
B) Paleozoic
C) Permian
D) Proterozoic - ✔✔B
The Earth's core was formed from ________.
A) a massive nickel iron asteroid that was the nucleus upon which Earth condensed
B) high density radioactive carbon
C) the left over nickel and iron that would not fit into the earlier formed crust and mantle
D) molten iron and nickel that separated from silicates and sank due to its higher density - ✔✔D
,Pangaea was ________.
A) a large, ocean basin that opened in the Triassic and closed in the Paleocene
B) a large, Precambrian shield area in Africa and South America that broke apart late in the Proterozoic
Eon
C) a huge mountain range that formed when Africa pushed northward into Europe in Eocene time
D) a super continent that formed in the late Paleozoic and broke apart in Triassic time - ✔✔D
The oceanic crust is made of mafic rock called ________ and is about ________ thick on average
A) basalt, 7 km
B) marine sedimentary rocks, 25 km
C) basalt, 70 km
D) granite, 35-40 km - ✔✔A
The composition of the upper mantle of Earth is thought to be
A) basalt
B) granite
C) peridotite
D) iron-nickel alloy - ✔✔C
Which one of the following statements is not correct?
A) Metamorphic rocks may melt to magma.
B) Sedimentary rocks may weather to igneous rocks.
,C) Magmas crystallize to form igneous rocks.
D) Igneous rocks can undergo metamorphism - ✔✔B
________ rocks form by crystallization and consolidation of molten magma
A) Sedimentary
B) Indigenous
C) Primary
D) Igneous - ✔✔D
________ rocks always originate at the surface of the Earth.
A) Secondary
B) Igneous
C) Metamorphic
D) Sedimentary - ✔✔D
The top of the asthenosphere is closest to the surface ________.
A) along a mid-ocean ridge
B) along the length of a deep mantle plume
C) along a transform fault
D) along a subduction zone - ✔✔A
Deep ocean trenches are surficial evidence for ________.
A) rifting beneath a continental plate and the beginning of continental drift
, B) sinking of oceanic lithosphere into the mantle at subduction zones
C) rising of hot asthenosphere from deep in the mantle
D) transform faulting between an oceanic plate and a continental plate - ✔✔B
Plates are sliding past one another horizontally along a ________ plate boundary.
A) Transform
B) convergent
C) divergent
D) subduction - ✔✔A
The true colour of a mineral as seen in its powdered form is called it's ________.
A) Birefringence
B) chatoyancy
C) iridescence
D) streak - ✔✔D
Which one of the following minerals has the greatest hardness on the Mohs hardness scale?
A) Feldspar
B) calcite
C) gypsum
D) topaz - ✔✔D
Which of the following best defines a mineral and a rock?
