MARYVILLE NURS660 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 3 2024
Neurotransmitters Involved in Wakefulness - correct answer✔✔ Histamine, dopamine,
norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and serotonin
Neurotransmitters Involved in Sleep/Wake Switch - correct answer✔✔ Histamine from the
TMN
GABA from the VLPO
A-beta fibers - correct answer✔✔ Detect small movements, light touch, hair movement, and
vibrations
(Non-noxious)
C fibers - correct answer✔✔ Bare nerve endings only stimulated by noxious mechanical,
thermal, or chemical stimuli
C=chemical
A delta fibers - correct answer✔✔ Senses noxious mechanical stimuli and subnoxious thermal
stimuli
Peripheral Neuropathy pain - correct answer✔✔ Damage to/dysfunction of peripheral nervous
system.
Responds to peripherally and centrally acting drugs, NSAIDs and opioids.
Ex: diabetic neuropathy, post herpetic neuralgia
Pathophysiology of chronic pain - correct answer✔✔ Chronic pain results from changes in
sensitivity in both ascending and descending (PGA, RVM, DLPT) pathways.
, Can lead to grey matter loss and central sensitization.
Can be inflammatory or degenerative in nature.
Peripheral, can become centralized, or mixture of both.
Medications for falling asleep - correct answer✔✔ Need medications with short half life
Ramelteon
Roserem
Sonata (middle insomnia, need 4 hours to dedicate)
Medications for staying asleep - correct answer✔✔ Zolpidem ER, temazepam, belsomra,
eszopiclone (lunesta)
Areas of brain involved in anxiety - correct answer✔✔ Amygdala, periaquductal grey,
hippocampus
Areas of brain involved in sleep - correct answer✔✔ Pituitary gland, pineal gland (melatonin),
Two types of anxiety - correct answer✔✔ Amgdala-centered circuit:
-Fear
-Panic
-phobia
-Gi symptoms, fight or flight
-CV symptoms,
-Peribrachial- respiratory
CSTC-centered circuit:
-Worry/obsession loop
-anxious misery
-apprehension
EXAM 3 2024
Neurotransmitters Involved in Wakefulness - correct answer✔✔ Histamine, dopamine,
norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and serotonin
Neurotransmitters Involved in Sleep/Wake Switch - correct answer✔✔ Histamine from the
TMN
GABA from the VLPO
A-beta fibers - correct answer✔✔ Detect small movements, light touch, hair movement, and
vibrations
(Non-noxious)
C fibers - correct answer✔✔ Bare nerve endings only stimulated by noxious mechanical,
thermal, or chemical stimuli
C=chemical
A delta fibers - correct answer✔✔ Senses noxious mechanical stimuli and subnoxious thermal
stimuli
Peripheral Neuropathy pain - correct answer✔✔ Damage to/dysfunction of peripheral nervous
system.
Responds to peripherally and centrally acting drugs, NSAIDs and opioids.
Ex: diabetic neuropathy, post herpetic neuralgia
Pathophysiology of chronic pain - correct answer✔✔ Chronic pain results from changes in
sensitivity in both ascending and descending (PGA, RVM, DLPT) pathways.
, Can lead to grey matter loss and central sensitization.
Can be inflammatory or degenerative in nature.
Peripheral, can become centralized, or mixture of both.
Medications for falling asleep - correct answer✔✔ Need medications with short half life
Ramelteon
Roserem
Sonata (middle insomnia, need 4 hours to dedicate)
Medications for staying asleep - correct answer✔✔ Zolpidem ER, temazepam, belsomra,
eszopiclone (lunesta)
Areas of brain involved in anxiety - correct answer✔✔ Amygdala, periaquductal grey,
hippocampus
Areas of brain involved in sleep - correct answer✔✔ Pituitary gland, pineal gland (melatonin),
Two types of anxiety - correct answer✔✔ Amgdala-centered circuit:
-Fear
-Panic
-phobia
-Gi symptoms, fight or flight
-CV symptoms,
-Peribrachial- respiratory
CSTC-centered circuit:
-Worry/obsession loop
-anxious misery
-apprehension
